A novel way to prepare n-butylparaben under microwave irradiation

Liu, Xiangjun; Raghavan, G. S. V.; Yaylayan, V.A.

doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(01)02065-2

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The process to synthesize parabens in lab or industrial scale has been known for hundreds of years. It is a simple 'acid-base' reaction in the presence of a suitable catalyst [25] such as montmorillonite K10 clay [26], thionyl chloride [27], and dodeca tungstophosphoric acid [28]. Successful synthesis requires p-hydroxyl benzoic acid as the starting material, mixed with an appropriate amount of alcohol, and produce parabens as the main product and water as a byproduct, shown in Figure 3.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Parabensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The traditional method is considered as a simple and robust process; while new technologies have been explored to improve the synthesis efficiency and cost-effectiveness by introducing microwave radiation and inorganic salt ZnCl2 as catalysts [25]. There is also a trend to develop more green methods as alternatives to save power and energy consumption during the manufacturing process [29].…”

Section: Synthesis Of Parabensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on Life Cycle of Parabens: Synthesis, Degradation, Characterization and Safety Analysis

Yang

Zhang

2018

COC

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In this review, we show the life cycle of parabens, commonly used preservatives that exist in nature and commercial products. Typical synthetic methods to produce parabens, and a set of complimentary characterization techniques to monitor the composition of parabens are also highlighted. These includes solid state analysis using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), in-situ monitoring of crystallization process using Focused Beam Reflectance Measurement (FBRM), Particle Vision Measurement (PVM), quantitative detection via High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and Gas Chromatography (GC). An improved understanding of the overall physical, biophysical and chemical properties of parabens and their life cycle, summarized in this article, are vital for the safety control and extensive applications of relevant products in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.

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Section: Synthesis Of Parabensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthesis Of Parabensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Life Cycle of Parabens: Synthesis, Degradation, Characterization and Safety Analysis

Yang

Zhang

2018

COC

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“…The chemical shifts in 1 H NMR spectra are reported using TMS as internal standard and were referenced with the residual proton resonances of the corresponding deuterated solvent (DMSO-d 6 : δ = 2.50). The chemical shifts in the 13 C NMR spectra are reported relative to TMS (δ = 0) or the central peak of DMSO-d 6 (δ = 39.5) for calibration.…”

Section: Scheme 4 Synthesis Of 23-disubstituted 5-hydroxybenzoatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Synthesis of Halogen Decorated para-/meta-Hydroxybenzoates by Iridium-Catalyzed Borylation and Oxidation

2018

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Hydroxybenzoates are an important class of phenols that are widely used as preservatives and antiseptics in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In this report, a facile preparation of 2,6- and 2,3-disubstituted 4/5-hydroxybenzoates by iridium-catalyzed borylation of respective disubstituted benzoate esters followed by oxidation is described. This synthetic route allows for the incorporation of halogens in the final hydroxybenzoates with substitution patterns not readily accessible by the traditional routes of aromatic functionalization.

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“…Microwave-assisted chemical reactions have gathered momentum in recent years, mainly because of their elegance, high yield, short time span, and eco-friendly conditions [4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis and Properties of Sodium Glycol Bis‐(Isooctyl)Sulfosuccinate

Chen

Tang

2011

J Surfact & Detergents

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An anionic gemini surfactant was synthesized under microwave irradiation conditions. The optimum reaction conditions were obtained by the reaction of maleic anhydride, glycol, isooctyl alcohol and sodium sulfite. The first step esterification reaction was carried out at 90°C and 100 W microwave power for 20 min with a ratio a n maleic anhydride :n glycol = 2.1:1, and 1.0 wt% of catalyst. The second step esterification reaction was carried out at 80°C for 25 min and 100 W microwave power. Optimum sulfonation was carried out with n sodium sulfite :n glycol bismaleic anhydride bisester = 2.25:1 and 1.5% catalyst for 25 min at 60°C. It is found that microwave-assisted synthesis is an efficient means of preparation of this anionic gemini surfactant with shorter reaction times and higher yields. The title compound structure was confirmed by IR. The critical micelle concentration of the title compound is 6.2 9 10 -4 mol L -1 , c CMC is 25.7 mN m -1 , and benzene emulsion persistence was 2 days.

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A novel way to prepare n-butylparaben under microwave irradiation

Cited by 31 publications

References 18 publications

Review on Life Cycle of Parabens: Synthesis, Degradation, Characterization and Safety Analysis

Review on Life Cycle of Parabens: Synthesis, Degradation, Characterization and Safety Analysis

Facile Synthesis of Halogen Decorated para-/meta-Hydroxybenzoates by Iridium-Catalyzed Borylation and Oxidation

Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis and Properties of Sodium Glycol Bis‐(Isooctyl)Sulfosuccinate

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A novel way to prepare n-butylparaben under microwave irradiation

Cited by 31 publications

References 18 publications

Review on Life Cycle of Parabens: Synthesis, Degradation, Characterization and Safety Analysis

Review on Life Cycle of Parabens: Synthesis, Degradation, Characterization and Safety Analysis

Facile Synthesis of Halogen Decorated para-/meta-Hydroxy­benzoates by Iridium-Catalyzed Borylation and Oxidation

Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis and Properties of Sodium Glycol Bis‐(Isooctyl)Sulfosuccinate

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Product

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Facile Synthesis of Halogen Decorated para-/meta-Hydroxybenzoates by Iridium-Catalyzed Borylation and Oxidation