Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis and Properties of Sodium Glycol Bis‐(Isooctyl)Sulfosuccinate

Abstract

An anionic gemini surfactant was synthesized under microwave irradiation conditions. The optimum reaction conditions were obtained by the reaction of maleic anhydride, glycol, isooctyl alcohol and sodium sulfite. The first step esterification reaction was carried out at 90°C and 100 W microwave power for 20 min with a ratio a n maleic anhydride :n glycol = 2.1:1, and 1.0 wt% of catalyst. The second step esterification reaction was carried out at 80°C for 25 min and 100 W microwave power. Optimum sulfonation was carried out with n sodium sulfite :n glycol bismaleic anhydride bisester = 2.25:1 and 1.5% catalyst for 25 min at 60°C. It is found that microwave-assisted synthesis is an efficient means of preparation of this anionic gemini surfactant with shorter reaction times and higher yields. The title compound structure was confirmed by IR. The critical micelle concentration of the title compound is 6.2 9 10 -4 mol L -1 , c CMC is 25.7 mN m -1 , and benzene emulsion persistence was 2 days.

A New Anionic Oxalamide Lauryl Succinate Sodium Sulfonate Gemini Surfactant: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis and Surface Activities

“…The structure and concentration of the phase transfer catalyst greatly influence the sulfonation reaction [15]. It can be found that few sulfonation reactions are clearly observed at elevated temperatures, if there is insufficient mixing and stirring of the two phases in the experiment.…”

“…Therefore, the sulfonation reaction requires a phase transfer catalyst and an effective stirring to produce the two-phase dispersion to accelerate the reaction. The structure and concentration of the phase transfer catalyst greatly influence the sulfonation reaction [15]. Therefore, hexadecyl trimethylammonium bromide was used as a phase transfer catalyst in our experiments.…”

Equilibrium and Dynamic Surface Properties of Sulfosuccinate Surfactants

“…Disodium laureth sulfosuccinates are synthesized from maleic acid anhydride and alcohol ethoxylates and they are not only widely used in low-irritation personal care products [5] but also proving their utilities in textile, polymer, paints, leather and agriculture industries [5,6]. Many reports [8][9][10][11] of sulfosuccinate focused on the colloidal properties, such as critical micelle concentration (CMC), foaming, wetting and other properties, whereas, the adsorption kinetics of sulfosuccinate surfactants are discussed only in a few reports [12,13].…”

Synthesis and Performance of a Multi‐Purpose Gemini Precursor and the Derivative Alkylaryl Sulfonate Gemini Surfactants

“…There has been much interest in academic and industrial fields with regard to the unique properties of gemini surfactants, and various spacers have been investigated [9][10][11][12][13]. Nevertheless, a limited number of gemini surfactants are available on the market [14] mainly because a spacer is costly and difficult to find, and the linkage process is tedious [15][16][17], in addition, research interest in the earlier period was focused on academic work rather than applications. Therefore, the control step to make gemini surfactants commercially available is to create a simple way to synthesize some cheap and facile hydrophobic skeletons as gemini precursors.…”