A novel, wideband, lithium niobate electrooptic modulator

An Equivalent Circuit Model of the Traveling Wave Electrode for Carrier-Depletion-Based Silicon Optical Modulators

“…Such an equivalent model is always preferable not only because it requires much less computing resource than the numerical simulation, but more importantly, because it gives a clear physical insight into the transmission line. The equivalent circuit model is used quite common for LiNbO modulators [21], [22]. However, to develop this model for carrier-depletion-based optical modulators turns out to be tricky, since a carrier-depletion-based modulator is not a regular laminated structure consisting of homogeneous dielectric layers with the electrode on top.…”

A feed forward method for stabilizing the gain and output power of an erbium‐doped fiber amplifier

“…The working of lithium-niobate intensity modulator is based on the refractive index changes, on application of an electrical voltage [5][6][7]. Light for the modulator emanates from the pump laser and it splits equally when it enters the waveguide.…”

A design study of a Ti:LiNbO/sub 3/ traveling-wave electrooptic modulator by the finite element method

“…6 and 7 show clearly that the inclusion of floating electrodes results a remarkable mean gain of 100% approximately for the modulator field strength in the region of maximum optic field. Thus, they increase the electrooptic interaction and reduce the power required for the operation of the modulator device, as pointed in [3]. Gap, g' ( wm) Fig.…”

“…These parameters are defined as follows [51,[9]-[111: (16) In (16) configuration is a conventional one but includes three floating electrodes between the substrate and the buffer layer, as proposed in [3]. The first and second configurations are named conventional and floating, respectively, from this time on.…”

“…The effects of constructive and geometric parameters are analyzed in order to improve the design of an electrooptic modulator. The study also includes a set of floating electrodes as it was proposed in a recent work [3].…”