A numerical and experimental study of counterflow syngas flames at different pressures

Som, Sibendu; Ramírez, Anita I.; Hagerdorn, J.; Saveliev, Alexei V.; Aggarwal, Suresh K.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2007.05.023

Cited by 75 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…While numerous studies exist of such flames with hydrocarbon fuels, relatively few investigations have focused on syngas fuel. Studies on non-premixed syngas flames have been reported by Giles et al (2006), Hui et al (2007), and Park et al (2004), while those on PPFs have been reported by Som et al (2008) and Ouimette and Seers (2009). Giles et al (2006) also examined the effects of diluents (N 2 , H 2 O, and CO 2 ) on NO formation in non-premixed flames.…”

Section: Syngas Combustion and Emission Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Giles et al (2006) also examined the effects of diluents (N 2 , H 2 O, and CO 2 ) on NO formation in non-premixed flames. Som et al (2008) examined the effects of strain rate, equivalence ratio, and syngas composition on the detailed structure and extinction characteristics of PPFs in an opposed-jet burner. Figure 4 from this study depicts images of two such flames established at ϕ = 6 and 16.…”

Section: Syngas Combustion and Emission Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using Petroleum and Biomass-Derived Fuels in Duel-fuel Diesel Engines

Xiao

2014

Novel Combustion Concepts for Sustainable Energy Development

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There is worldwide interest in developing renewable energy sources in a sustainable manner. Syngas and biogas offer significant potential in this context, as these fuels offer great flexibility with regard to their production and utilization. This chapter provides an overview of research dealing with the combustion and emission characteristics of these fuels, both as stand-alone fuels or by blending with petroleum fuels. Conversion methods for producing these fuels from different biomass sources are also briefly reviewed. While the syngas composition can vary widely, it generally has lower heating value, lower density, higher mass diffusivity, higher flame speeds, and wider flammability limits compared to hydrocarbon fuels. Moreover, its combustion leads to almost zero soot emission, although NO x emission may be a concern depending upon its composition and operating temperatures. Similarly, biogas has lower heating value compared to hydrocarbon fuels, and its ignition and combustion characteristics can vary noticeably depending upon its composition. While there have been few studies focusing directly on biogas combustion, there is extensive literature on methane combustion, including ignition, extinction, flammability limits, flame speeds, cellular instabilities, and emissions. Fundamental combustion aspects requiring further research include cellular instabilities, flame stabilization and blowout behavior, turbulent flames, and emission characteristics. Such efforts would lead to the development of optimized systems for producing these fuels and provide guidelines for optimizing their composition for a given set of operating conditions. The use of syngas and biogas in dual-fuel diesel engines has been a subject of numerous experimental and computational studies. A general observation is that the engine performance and emission characteristics are significantly modified by the presence of gaseous fuel. While the heat release in a diesel engine generally occurs through a hybrid combustion mode, involving rich premixed combustion and diffusion combustion, that in a dual-fuel engine also involves a lean combustion mode with a propagating flame. The dualfuel operation at high-load conditions can provide significant reduction in soot and CO soot emissions, while maintaining the engine efficiency, provided the injection characteristics including the amount of pilot fuel can be optimized. However, the NO x emission may increase, requiring a suitable strategy for lowering the temperatures. The dual-fuel strategy may be less effective at low load, resulting in lower thermal efficiency and higher UHC and CO emissions. Future work should be directed at optimizing the various parameters, such as injection timing, amount of pilot fuel injected, EGR, and multiple injections.

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Section: Syngas Combustion and Emission Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Syngas Combustion and Emission Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Petroleum and Biomass-Derived Fuels in Duel-fuel Diesel Engines

Xiao

2014

Novel Combustion Concepts for Sustainable Energy Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It is the direct end product of the bio and fossil fuel gasification process. Though it has low energy density, it can be used as a stand-alone fuel [10][11][12][13]. Syngas is a gas mixture that consists primarily of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H 2 ) and some carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) or nitrogen (N 2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization the design of venturi gas mixer for syngas engine using three-dimensional CFD modeling

et al. 2011

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A venturi mixer prototype is developed for mixing air and synthesis gas or "syngas" as a fuel. Syngas is recognized as a viable energy source worldwide, particularly for stationary power generation. It has a very low energy density, so a mixer with λ (ratio of actual to stoichiometric air-fuel ratio) in the range of 1.1 to 1.7 is expected. In this study, three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling is used to investigate and analyze the influence of the throat diameter, gas chamber thickness and gas exits diameter on mixer characteristics and performance. Attention is focused on the effect of venturi mixer geometry on the air-fuel ratio, pressure loss and mixing quality. Based on the numerical results, an optimized design of venturi gas mixer is made. The optimized design has λ in the range of 1.2 to 1.3, and gives very good mixing quality and acceptable pressure loss. The CFD results are validated with experimental data. The CFD results show good agreement with experimental data.

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“…They showed that as the methane in syngas increased prompt NO, CO 2 , and H 2 O dilutions were more effective in reducing NO x than N 2 dilution. For premixed syngas combustion, Som et al [3] reported that the flame structure and NO x emission in a counterflow configuration under various pressure, stretch rate, and equivalence ratio conditions. Natarajan et al [4] and Prathap et al [5] studied the laminar burning velocities of premixed syngas flames with CO 2 or N 2 dilution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A numerical study on extinction and NOx formation in nonpremixed flames with syngas fuel

Chun

Chung

et al. 2011

J Mech Sci Technol

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The flame structure, extinction, and NO x emission characteristics of syngas/air nonpremixed flames, have been investigated numerically. The extinction stretch rate increased with the increase in the hydrogen proportion in the syngas and with lower fuel dilution and higher initial temperature. It also increased with pressure, except for the case of highly diluted fuel at high pressure. The maximum temperature and the emission index of nitric oxides (EINO x ) also increased in aforementioned conditions. The EINO x decreased with stretch rate in general, while the decreasing rate was found to be somewhat different between the cases of N 2 and CO 2 dilutions. The reaction paths of NO x formation were analyzed and represented as NO reaction path diagram. The increase in N radical resulted in larger NO x production at high initial temperature and pressure. As the pressure increases, EINOx increases slower due to the third-body recombination. The thermal NO mechanism is weakened for high dilution cases and non-thermal mechanisms prevail. The combustion conditions achieving higher extinction stretch rate can be lead to more NO x emission, therefore that the selection of optimum operation range is needed in syngas combustion.

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A numerical and experimental study of counterflow syngas flames at different pressures

Cited by 75 publications

References 29 publications

Using Petroleum and Biomass-Derived Fuels in Duel-fuel Diesel Engines

Using Petroleum and Biomass-Derived Fuels in Duel-fuel Diesel Engines

Optimization the design of venturi gas mixer for syngas engine using three-dimensional CFD modeling

A numerical study on extinction and NOx formation in nonpremixed flames with syngas fuel

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