A numerical study on soot formation and oxidation for a direct injection diesel engine

Sung, Nak Won; Lee, Sae-Mi; Kim, H; Kim, Byungki

doi:10.1243/095440703321645115

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Acetylene is a well-known key PAH precursor, and its likely involvement in the formation of both pyrene and benzo[ ghi ]perylene suggests that it is a possible pyrolysis product of fossil diesel. For instance, Ciajolo et al found acetylene to be one of the major pyrolysis products in the combustion of tetradecane (a diesel-fuel surrogate), and several soot modeling studies include the pyrolytic production of acetylene as one of the steps in the soot formation process. − Also apparent during this period is a decrease in the level of benzo[b]fluoranthene concurred with a greater increase in the level of indeno[123- cd ]pyrene (I[123- cd ]P) (see Figure S9b). Shukla and Koshi also suggested that phenylpyrene (phenyl addition to pyrene) is a precursor to the formation of indeno[123- cd ]pyrene; this is a possibility given the apparent availability of pyrene and the possibility of the presence of benzene among the pyrolytic products of fossil diesel as suggested by Xanthopoulou .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Cylinder Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Sampled during Diesel Engine Combustion

Ogbunuzor

Hellier

Talibi

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are potentially carcinogenic pollutants emitted by diesel engines, both in the gas-phase and adsorbed onto the surface of particulate matter (PM). There remains limited understanding of the complex and dynamic competing mechanisms of PAH formation, growth and oxidation in the gas-phase and their adsorption onto soot, and how these processes impact on the abundance and composition of exhaust PAH. Therefore, this paper presents analysis of gas and particulate samples taken from the cylinder and exhaust of a diesel engine during combustion of fossil diesel with the 16 US-EPA priority PAH species identified and quantified.In-cylinder results showed that gas phase PAHs were more abundant than soot-bound PAHs in the engine cylinder. The in-cylinder PAHs included 2-to 6-ring PAHs, however, 6-ring PAHs were not observed in the soot samples collected from the engine exhaust. Levels of both PM and the total in-cylinder PAHs decreased following a peak at 10 CAD ATDC, but subsequently increased significantly during the late combustion phase. The B[a]P equivalence of PM in the engine cylinder increased during the period of early diffusion to late combustion phase, following an initial decrease during the period of premixed to early diffusion combustion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Cylinder Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Sampled during Diesel Engine Combustion

Ogbunuzor

Hellier

Talibi

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…The model involved nine generic steps, i.e., fuel pyrolysis, precursor species (including acetylene) formation and oxidation, soot particle inception, particle coagulation, surface growth and oxidation. The numerical models have been continously developed since then with improved complexity and capability [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling study of soot formation and oxidation in DI diesel engine using an improved soot model

Cheng

Chen

Hong

et al. 2014

Applied Thermal Engineering

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Particulate emission is one of the most deleterious pollutants generated by Diesel fuel combustion. The ability to predict soot formation is one of the key elements needed to optimize the engine performance and minimize soot emissions. This paper reports work on developing, a phenomenological soot model to better model the physical and chemical processes of soot formation in Diesel fuel combustion. This hybrid model features that the effect of turbulence on the chemical reaction rate was considered in soot oxidation. Soot formation and oxidation processes were modeled with the application of a hybrid method involving particle turbulent transport controlled rate and soot oxidation rate. Compared with the original soot model, the in-cylinder pressures, heat release rate and soot emissions predicted by this hybrid model agreed better with the experimental results. The verified hybrid model was used to investigate the effect of injection timing on engine performance. The results show that the new soot model predicted reasonable soot spatial profiles within the combustion chamber. The high temperature gase zone in cylinder for hybrid model case are distributed broadly soot and NOx emission dependence on the start-of-injection (SOI) timing. Retarded SOI timing increased the portion of diffusion combustion and the soot concentration increased significantly with retarding of the fuel injection timing. The predicted distributions of soot concentration and particle mass provide some new insights on the soot formation and oxidation processes in direct injection (DI) engines. The hybrid phenomenological soot model shows greater potential for enhancing understanding of combustion and soot formation processes in DI diesel engines.

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“…Soot formation is a persistent problem in fossil fuel combustion processes. The detailed kinetic mechanisms of soot formation in the pyrolysis, the combustion of hydrocarbons, and the soot particle dynamics have been studied extensively. − Some numerical models have been developed to represent the physical and chemical processes of the soot formation in a diesel engine, which have improved the complexity and capability of soot models. − A better understanding of the in-cylinder phenomena in a diesel engine is important for the development of NO X and particulate matter (PM) reduction strategies. The in-cylinder phenomena are complicated because they include the liquid fuel atomization, vaporization, ignition, and combustion processes accompanied with their emission formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Modeling and Experimental Study of Combustion and Soot Formation in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine

Chan

Cheng

2007

Energy Fuels

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In the present study, an improved multidimensional numerical code has been used to simulate the combustion and emission formation processes of direct injection diesel engine. Soot formation and oxidation processes have been modeled according to a hybrid particle turbulent transport controlled rate and soot oxidation rate expression. A reasonable agreement of the measured and computed data of in-cylinder pressure, heat release rate, NO, and soot emissions for different engine operation conditions has been made. The effects of fuel injection pressure and timing on the diesel engine combustion and emissions formation have been further computed based on an improved multidimensional combustion and soot model. The effects of different testing conditions on the gaseous and particulate emissions have been discussed. Predicted trends of soot and NO formation have also been presented together with the corresponding measured data. It has been demonstrated that the developed multidimensional engine combustion and emission formation model has provided good insight for new designs of different engine parameters and in-cylinder engine events.

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A numerical study on soot formation and oxidation for a direct injection diesel engine

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

In-Cylinder Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Sampled during Diesel Engine Combustion

In-Cylinder Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Sampled during Diesel Engine Combustion

Modeling study of soot formation and oxidation in DI diesel engine using an improved soot model

Numerical Modeling and Experimental Study of Combustion and Soot Formation in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine

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