A numerical study on using guided GPR waves along metallic cylinders in boreholes for permittivity sounding

Stadler, Sam; Igel, Jan

doi:10.1109/icgpr.2018.8441666

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Three different antennas operating at different frequencies are used as the transmitter and receiver. They are the 400-MHz GSSI antenna [59], the 1200-MHz MALA antenna [45], and the 1500-MHz GSSI antenna [46]. For the 1500-MHz GSSI antenna, three different antenna-to-ground distances are modeled, which are 0 cm, 5 cm, and 10 cm, respectively.…”

Section: E Generalization Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning to Remove Clutter in Real-World GPR Images Using Hybrid Data

Sun,

Cheng,

Fan

2022

Preprint

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The clutter in the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) radargram disguises or distorts subsurface target responses, which severely affects the accuracy of target detection and identification. Existing clutter removal methods either leave residual clutter or deform target responses when facing complex and irregular clutter in the real-world radargram. To tackle the challenge of clutter removal in real scenarios, a clutter-removal neural network (CR-Net) trained on a large-scale hybrid dataset is presented in this study. The CR-Net integrates residual dense blocks into the U-Net architecture to enhance its capability in clutter suppression and target reflection restoration. The combination of the mean absolute error (MAE) loss and the multiscale structural similarity (MS-SSIM) loss is used to effectively drive the optimization of the network. To train the proposed CR-Net to remove complex and diverse clutter in real-world radargrams, the first large-scale hybrid dataset named CLT-GPR dataset containing clutter collected by different GPR systems in multiple scenarios is built. The CLT-GPR dataset significantly improves the generalizability of the network to remove clutter in real-world GPR radargrams. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the CR-Net achieves superior performance over existing methods in removing clutter and restoring target responses in diverse real-world scenarios. Moreover, the CR-Net with its end-to-end design does not require manual parameter tuning, making it highly suitable for automatically producing clutter-free radargrams in GPR applications. The CLT-GPR dataset and the code implemented in the paper can be found at https://haihan-sun.github.io/GPR.html.

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Section: E Generalization Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning to Remove Clutter in Real-World GPR Images Using Hybrid Data

Sun,

Cheng,

Fan

2022

Preprint

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“…The distance between both antennas, known as the offset, is 16.2 [cm]. The electromagnetic pulse generated by the antenna, considering the internal geometry and its electromagnetic properties, is modelled using the gprMax commercial software [13].…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a ground penetrating radar shielded antenna using laboratory measurements, FDTD modeling and swarm global optimization

Plata-Galvis

Serrano

Ramirez-Silva

et al. 2022

CT&F Cienc. Tecnol. Futuro

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Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is an optimization method that retrieves high-quality images of the ground's internal electromagnetic properties, such as permittivity, permeability, or conductivity. FWI requirements include an initial subsurface image of the parameters (starting point models), a wave propagation model, a cost function, and the source wavelet used during data acquisition. Usually, the source wavelet is estimated from the acquired data, or modelled from the antenna characteristics. In this study, the materials of the shielded antenna of a commercial Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), developed by GSSI, are estimated using a global optimization method, from the observation measurements of the source signal. The estimated source is then used to model the wave propagation of the electromagnetic signal, and to estimate the electromagnetic parameters of the SEAM model via FWI. Experimental results show that the soil characteristics with the estimated source and pattern radiations retrieve better quality images than the inversion when the radiation pattern is neglected. In fact, the impact of using the correct source during the inversion is more evident when the initial model is distant from the correct solution.

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“…The model presented in Warren and Giannopoulos (2011) was further improved in Giannakis et al (2019) using a linear/non-linear full-waveform inversion scheme which simultaneously updates the dielectric properties and derives an optimized excitation waveform, overcoming the limitation of the Gaussian-shaped pulse in Warren and Giannopoulos (2011). In Stadler and Igel (2018), a commercial GSSI 400 MHz antenna was also modelled using Taguchi optimization to tune the dielectric properties of the antenna structure subject to real measurements, whereas a model of the same GPR system was presented in Stadler and Igel (2022), where both material properties and the feed pulse were optimized by fitting modelled data to a real response of a distant reflection from a metal plate. Note that each GPR system has its own unique characteristics (geometry, components, pulse, frequency content and radiation pattern) and therefore its replication can be considered a different optimization problem that requires different techniques for its solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to simulate a specific transducer, knowledge of the geometry and the dielectric properties of its elements is essential (Warren & Giannopoulos, 2011). Although the antenna system plays an important part, nonetheless, it is a common practice amongst GPR practitioners to use a theoretical source instead of an accurate numerical equivalent of the actual GPR antenna system (Giannakis et al., 2019; Stadler & Igel, 2018; Warren & Giannopoulos, 2011). The use of simple theoretical sources, such as an infinitesimal dipole, is helpful for simulations that reproduce overall patterns in GPR scans, but the resulting A‐Scans using simplistic sources can differ substantially in a number of key aspects from what is observed in real measurements (Diamanti et al., 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a realistic numerical equivalent of a GPR antenna transducer using global optimizers

Patsia,

Giannopoulos,

Giannakis

2023

Near Surface Geophysics

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Numerical modelling of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) has been widely used for predicting and assessing its performance. Since the transmitter and the receiver are the most essential components of a GPR system, an accurate representation of them should be included in a model. Simulating a real system is particularly challenging, especially when it comes to commercial GPR systems. A three‐dimensional model based on a 2000 MHz “palm” antenna from Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. (GSSI) is presented in this paper. The geometric features of the transducers were modelled via visual inspection while their unknown dielectric properties were estimated using global optimisers in order to minimise the differences between real and synthetic measurements. In particular, the antenna was calibrated in free space and on top of a metal plate. Subsequently, the resulting model was successfully tested in various case studies to assess its performance. Models of two units of the same transducer were developed, showing that units of the same system in general are not identical. The results, support the premise that global optimisers can be used to provide information on key aspects of the dielectric structure of the transducer and allow us to accurately model its behaviour in various environments.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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A numerical study on using guided GPR waves along metallic cylinders in boreholes for permittivity sounding

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Learning to Remove Clutter in Real-World GPR Images Using Hybrid Data

Learning to Remove Clutter in Real-World GPR Images Using Hybrid Data

Characterization of a ground penetrating radar shielded antenna using laboratory measurements, FDTD modeling and swarm global optimization

Developing a realistic numerical equivalent of a GPR antenna transducer using global optimizers

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