A partial skeleton of a new mackerel shark (Chondrichthyes, Lamniformes) from the Miocene of Europe

Kriwet, Jürgen; Mewis, Heike; Hampe, Oliver

doi:10.4202/app.00066.2014

Cited by 12 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Uyeno et al, 1990;Shimada, 1997;Ehret et al, 2009a;Kriwet et al, 2014), the lack of more complete fossil specimens has led to conflicting interpretations about taxonomy. The taxonomic assignment of this species has long been debated and there are two main interpretations:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Record of <em>Carcharocles megalodon</em> in the Eastern Guadalquivir Basin (Upper Miocene, South Spain)

Reolid

Molina

2015

Estud. geol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tortonian diatomites of the San Felix Quarry (Porcuna), in the Eastern Guadalquivir Basin, have given isolated marine vertebrate remains that include a large shark tooth (123.96 mm from apex to the baseline of the root). The large size of the crown height (92.2 mm), the triangular shape, the broad serrated crown, the convex lingual face and flat labial face, and the robust, thick angled root determine that this specimen corresponds to Carcharocles megalodon. The symmetry with low slant shows it to be an upper anterior tooth. The total length estimated from the tooth crown height is calculated by means of different methods, and comparison is made with Carcharodon carcharias. The final inferred total length of around 11 m classifies this specimen in the upper size range of the known C. megalodon specimens.The palaeogeography of the Guadalquivir Basin close to the North Betic Strait, which connected the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea, favoured the interaction of the cold nutrient-rich Atlantic waters with warmer Mediterranean waters. The presence of diatomites indicates potential upwelling currents in this context, as well as high productivity favouring the presence of large vertebrates such as mysticetid whales, pinnipeds and small sharks (Isurus). These large vertebrates recorded in the Eastern Guadalquivir Basin were potential prey of C. megalodon. Keywords: Carcharocles megalodon; fossil tooth; Guadalquivir Basin; Tortonian. RESUMENLas diatomitas tortonienses de la antigua Cantera de San Félix (Porcuna, Jaén), en el sector oriental de la Cuenca del Guadalquivir, han proporcionado restos aislados de vertebrados marinos entre los que destaca un gran diente de tiburón (123.96 mm desde el ápice hasta la línea basal de la raiz). La altura de la corona (92.2 mm), su forma triangular con bordes aserrados, la presencia de una cara lingual convexa y una labial plana, conjuntamente con la raíz angulosa y robusta, permiten determinar que este diente perteneció a un ejemplar de Carcharocles megalodon. La alta simetría de la pieza, su tamaño y su relación longitud/anchura de la corona permiten afrimar que se trata de un diente superior anterior. La longitud total estimada para este tiburón, es calculada a partir de diferentes métodos basados principalmente en la comparación con el tiburón blanco Carcharodon carcharias. La longitud total inferida finalmente para este ejemplar ronda los 11 m, lo que permite incluir este ejemplar dentro del rango de los ejemplares de C. megalodon de gran tamaño.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Record of <em>Carcharocles megalodon</em> in the Eastern Guadalquivir Basin (Upper Miocene, South Spain)

Reolid

Molina

2015

Estud. geol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Morphological tooth terminology follows Cappetta (2012). Morphometric terminology is adopted and modified from Kriwet et al (2015) (see also Supplementary material).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eocene sand tiger sharks (Lamniformes, Odontaspididae) from the Bolca Konservat-Lagerstätte, Italy: palaeobiology, palaeobiogeography and evolutionary significance

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Here we report the first record of one of the most common and widespread Palaeogene selachians, the sand tiger shark Brachycarcharias, from the Ypresian Bolca Konservat-Lagerstätte. The combination of dental character of the 15 isolated teeth collected from the Pesciara and Monte Postale sites (e.g. anterior teeth up to 25 mm with fairly low triangular cusp decreasing regularly in width; one to two pairs of well-developed lateral cusplets; root with broadly separated lobes; upper teeth with a cusp bent distally) supports their assignment to the odontaspidid Brachycarcharias lerichei (Casier, 1946), a species widely spread across the North Hemisphere during the early Palaeogene. The unambiguous first report of this lamniform shark in the Eocene Bolca Konservat-Lagerstätte improves our knowledge concerning the diversity and palaeobiology of the cartilaginous fishes of this palaeontological site, and provides new insights about the biotic turnovers that involved the high trophic levels of the marine settings after the end-Cretaceous extinction.

show abstract

“…The present study is based on a sample of 175 isolated teeth, which previously have been used in several studies of fossil elasmobranchs [ 11 , 24 ] or photographed in museum collections for the first time ( S1 Table ). This provides a well-established and reliable taxonomic frame for testing our results.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this study we only used measurements of the labial and lingual sides since these are often the only accessible sides in fossil specimens when the teeth still are embedded in and strictly associated to the sediment and bureaucratic rules of museum collections do not allow to extract them from the matrix (this is the case, for example, for specimens from the Bolca and Frauenweiler Lagerstätten, which also are included in this study). All fossil teeth were previously assigned to their respective positions using qualitative characters observed in Brachycarcharias , Carcharias , and Carcharomodus [ 1 , 11 , 24 , 25 ], and subsequently compared with the results of the morphometric approach.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principal component and discriminant analyses as powerful tools to support taxonomic identification and their use for functional and phylogenetic signal detection of isolated fossil shark teeth

Marramà

Kriwet

2017

PLoS ONE

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Identifying isolated teeth of fossil selachians only based on qualitative characters is sometimes hindered by similarity in their morphology, resulting often in heated taxonomic debates. On the other hand, the use of quantitative characters (i.e. measurements) has been often neglected or underestimated in characterization and identification of fossil teeth of selachians. Here we show that, employing a robust methodological protocol based on principal component and discriminant analyses on a sample of 175 isolated fossil teeth of lamniform sharks, the traditional morphometrics can be useful to support and complement the classic taxonomic identification made on qualitative features. Furthermore, we show that discriminant analysis can be successfully useful to assign indeterminate isolated shark teeth to a certain taxon. Finally, the degree of separation of the clusters might be used to predict functional and probably also phylogenetic signals in lamniform shark teeth. However, this needs to be tested in the future employing teeth of more extant and extinct lamniform sharks and it must be pointed out that this approach does not replace in any way the qualitative analysis, but it is intended to complement and support it.

show abstract

A partial skeleton of a new mackerel shark (Chondrichthyes, Lamniformes) from the Miocene of Europe

Cited by 12 publications

References 41 publications

Record of <em>Carcharocles megalodon</em> in the Eastern Guadalquivir Basin (Upper Miocene, South Spain)

Record of <em>Carcharocles megalodon</em> in the Eastern Guadalquivir Basin (Upper Miocene, South Spain)

Eocene sand tiger sharks (Lamniformes, Odontaspididae) from the Bolca Konservat-Lagerstätte, Italy: palaeobiology, palaeobiogeography and evolutionary significance

Principal component and discriminant analyses as powerful tools to support taxonomic identification and their use for functional and phylogenetic signal detection of isolated fossil shark teeth

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About