A Peanut Shell Inspired Scalable Synthesis of Three-Dimensional Carbon Coated Porous Silicon Particles as an Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Han, Xiang; Chen, Huixin; Liu, Jingjing; Liu, Hanhui; Wang, Peng; Huang, Kai; Li, Cheng; Chen, Songyan; Yang, Yong

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2015.01.051

Cited by 57 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…To date, various strategies have been used to stabilize the SEI on Si. Coating Si with carbon − and metals , can partially stabilize the Si surface, and the use of silicon alloys can decrease the activity of lithiated Si toward electrolyte reduction . Apart from coatings and alloying, one of the most cost-effective ways to form a stable SEI is to use electrolyte additives that modify the composition and properties of the SEI. , Among numerous additives, fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and vinylene carbonate (VC) are the two most widely used for both Li- and Na-ion systems. − Both additives are structurally related to EC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Fluoroethylene Carbonate and Vinylene Carbonate Based Electrolytes for Si Anodes in Lithium Ion Batteries with NMR Spectroscopy

et al. 2018

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Fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and vinylene carbonate (VC) are widely used as electrolyte additives in lithium ion batteries. Here we analyze the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed on binder-free silicon nanowire (SiNW) electrodes in pure FEC or VC electrolytes containing 1 M LiPF by solid-state NMR with and without dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) enhancement. We find that the polymeric SEIs formed in pure FEC or VC electrolytes consist mainly of cross-linked poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and aliphatic chain functionalities along with additional carbonate and carboxylate species. The formation of branched fragments is further confirmed by C-C correlation NMR experiments. The presence of cross-linked PEO-type polymers in FEC and VC correlates with good capacity retention and high Coulombic efficiencies of the SiNWs. Using Si DNP NMR, we are able to probe the interfacial region between SEI and the Si surface for the first time with NMR spectroscopy. Organosiloxanes form upon cycling, confirming that some of the organic SEI is covalently bonded to the Si surface. We suggest that both the polymeric structure of the SEI and the nature of its adhesion to the redox-active materials are important for electrochemical performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Fluoroethylene Carbonate and Vinylene Carbonate Based Electrolytes for Si Anodes in Lithium Ion Batteries with NMR Spectroscopy

et al. 2018

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“…Two broad peaks at around 1.17 V and 0.45 V can be ascribed to the decomposition of electrolyte and formation of SEI layer can be observed in the first cathodic curve. 47,48 These peaks disappeared in the subsequent cycles. The sharp cathodic peak below 0.12 V indicates a Li alloying process from crystalline Si into amorphous Li x Si phase and a following crystallization to crystalline Li 15 Si 4 phase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Silicon nanoparticles embedded in a porous carbon matrix as a high-performance anode for lithium-ion batteries

Yang

Zhou

et al. 2016

J. Mater. Chem. A

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Silicon-based anodes have recently received increased attentions due to their high theoretical capacity. However, the Sibased anodes always suffer large volume change during cycling and require expensive and multistep processes to prepare nano-sized Si. In this work, Si nanoparticles are successfully embedded in carbon matrix by using NaCl particles as a hard template, which were prepared through magnesiothermic reduction of SiO2 nanoparticles. Besides, NaCl particles also play an important role in absorbing the local heat accumulation generated from magnesiothermic reduction, thus preventing the agglomeration of Si particles and the formation of undesirable SiC. The as-prepared Si@PCM could not only provide fast electrons diffusion through carbon network, but also accommodate the stress-strain caused by volume change. As a result, the Si@PCM composite demonstrates an excellent electrochemical performance as an anode material for lithiumion batteries.

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“…The discharge/charge capacities of bare Si and Si/MoSi 2 for the first cycle are 2486.7/1949.2 and 2492.6/1933.9 mA h g –1 , with initial Coulombic efficiencies of 78.4% and 77.6%, respectively. The irreversible capacity loss of the electrodes in the first cycle can be mainly ascribed to the formation of SEI films and the irreversible reaction between Li + and the surface oxide layer (SiO x ) of the active materials. , During the first cycle, a distinct discharge plateau below 0.1 V is related to the Li-alloying process of crystalline Si to form an amorphous Li x Si phase. , After the following cycles, the discharge/charge profiles exhibit an obvious characteristic of the amorphous phase. The shape of the profile in the 50th cycle is similar to that of the 10th cycle, indicating a quite stable electrochemical behavior of the Si/MoSi 2 electrode.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Heterogeneous Si/MoSi₂ Anodes Prepared by a Magnesiothermic Reduction

Yang

Zhou

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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This work explores facile synthesis of heterogeneous Si/MoSi2 nanocomposites via a one-step magnesiothermic reduction. MoSi2 serves as a highly electrically conductive nanoparticle that has several advantages of electrochemical properties, which is formed through the absorption of local heat accumulation generated by magnesiothermic reduction. As a result, the Si/MoSi2 nanocomposites exhibit excellent electrochemical performance, showing initial charge capacity of 1933.9 mA h g(-1) at a rate of 0.2 C and retaining 85.2% after 150 cycles. This work using local heat accumulation generated by magnesiothermic reduction demonstrates a large-scale method for producing high-performance Si-based anode materials, which could provide referential significances for other materials.

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A Peanut Shell Inspired Scalable Synthesis of Three-Dimensional Carbon Coated Porous Silicon Particles as an Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Cited by 57 publications

References 53 publications

Understanding Fluoroethylene Carbonate and Vinylene Carbonate Based Electrolytes for Si Anodes in Lithium Ion Batteries with NMR Spectroscopy

Understanding Fluoroethylene Carbonate and Vinylene Carbonate Based Electrolytes for Si Anodes in Lithium Ion Batteries with NMR Spectroscopy

Silicon nanoparticles embedded in a porous carbon matrix as a high-performance anode for lithium-ion batteries

Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Heterogeneous Si/MoSi₂ Anodes Prepared by a Magnesiothermic Reduction

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A Peanut Shell Inspired Scalable Synthesis of Three-Dimensional Carbon Coated Porous Silicon Particles as an Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Cited by 57 publications

References 53 publications

Understanding Fluoroethylene Carbonate and Vinylene Carbonate Based Electrolytes for Si Anodes in Lithium Ion Batteries with NMR Spectroscopy

Understanding Fluoroethylene Carbonate and Vinylene Carbonate Based Electrolytes for Si Anodes in Lithium Ion Batteries with NMR Spectroscopy

Silicon nanoparticles embedded in a porous carbon matrix as a high-performance anode for lithium-ion batteries

Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Heterogeneous Si/MoSi2 Anodes Prepared by a Magnesiothermic Reduction

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Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Heterogeneous Si/MoSi₂ Anodes Prepared by a Magnesiothermic Reduction