A Perspective Review on Diet Quality, Excess Adiposity, and Chronic Psychosocial Stress and Implications for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer

Oliveira, Manoela Lima; Biggers, Alana; Oddo, Vanessa M; Yanez, Betina; Booms, Emily; Sharp, Lisa; Naylor, Keith; Wolf, Patricia G; Tussing-Humphreys, Lisa

doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.03.002

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 91 publications

(155 reference statements)

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“…The results of animal studies suggest associations between increased levels of norepinephrine, epinephrine, and cortisol (due to stress) and cancer initiation [91,92]. Chronic psychological stress may affect different phases of the process of tumorigenesis, including genome instability and mutation, tumor promoting, resistance to cell death, sustained proliferative signaling, induction of angiogenesis, and activation of invasion and metastasis [93]. Due to the increasing prevalence of psychological stress, as well as increasing trends in the incidence of CRC in different populations, further investigations are needed to clarify the association between stress and CRC risk.…”

Section: Psychological Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention

Roshandel,

Ghasemi-Kebria,

Malekzadeh

2024

Cancers

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. There are disparities in the epidemiology of CRC across different populations, most probably due to differences in exposure to lifestyle and environmental factors related to CRC. Prevention is the most effective method for controlling CRC. Primary prevention includes determining and avoiding modifiable risk factors (e.g., alcohol consumption, smoking, and dietary factors) as well as increasing protective factors (e.g., physical activity, aspirin). Further studies, especially randomized, controlled trials, are needed to clarify the association between CRC incidence and exposure to different risk factors or protective factors. Detection and removal of precancerous colorectal lesions is also an effective strategy for controlling CRC. Multiple factors, both at the individual and community levels (e.g., patient preferences, availability of screening modalities, costs, benefits, and adverse events), should be taken into account in designing and implementing CRC screening programs. Health policymakers should consider the best decision in identifying the starting age and selection of the most effective screening strategies for the target population. This review aims to present updated evidence on the epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention of CRC.

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Section: Psychological Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention

Roshandel,

Ghasemi-Kebria,

Malekzadeh

2024

Cancers

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Allura Red AC is a xenobiotic. Is it also a carcinogen?

Hofseth,

Hebert,

Murphy

et al. 2024

Carcinogenesis

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Merriam-Webster and Oxford define a xenobiotic as any substance foreign to living systems. Allura Red AC (a.k.a., E129; FD&C Red No. 40), a synthetic food dye extensively used in manufacturing ultra-processed foods and therefore highly prevalent in our food supply, falls under this category. The surge in synthetic food dye consumption during the 70s, and 80s was followed by an epidemic of metabolic diseases and the emergence of early onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) in the 1990s. This temporal association raises significant concerns, particularly given the widespread inclusion of synthetic food dyes in ultra-processed products, notably those marketed towards children. Given its interactions with key contributors to colorectal carcinogenesis such as inflammatory mediators, the microbiome, and DNA damage, there is growing interest in understanding Allura Red AC's potential impact on colon health as a putative carcinogen. This review discusses the history of Allura Red AC, current research on its effects on the colon and rectum, potential mechanisms underlying its impact on colon health, and provides future considerations. Indeed, although no governing agencies classify Allura Red AC as a carcinogen, its’ interaction with key guardians of carcinogenesis makes it suspect and worthy of further molecular investigation. The goal of this review is to inspire research into the impact of synthetic food dyes on colon health.

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Association between plant-based dietary patterns and cognitive function in middle-aged and older residents of China

Peng,

Li,

Wang

et al. 2024

Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease

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Background Plant-based diets may protect against cognitive impairment; however, observational data have not been consistent. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the association between plant-based dietary patterns and cognitive function. Methods The study recruited 937 participants who were asked to complete food frequency questionnaires to assess the quality of their plant-based diets using the overall plant-based diet index (PDI), the healthful PDI (hPDI), and the unhealthful PDI (uPDI). Cognitive function evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test. Logistic regression was used to explore the association between plant-based dietary patterns and the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), while multiple linear regression was used to analyze the association between plant-based dietary patterns and cognitive scores. Results The prevalence of MCI was 26% among the 937 participants. There was a significant association between higher uPDI scores and higher odds of MCI, with Quintile 4 compared with Quintile 1 showing an odds ratio of 2.21 (95% confidence interval 1.35, 3.60). Higher uPDI scores were associated with a lower total MoCA score and poorer performance in various cognitive domains. There were no significant associations between the PDI, the hPDI, and cognitive function. Consuming whole grains, nuts, and eggs once a week or more were associated with a lower risk of MCI, whereas frequently consumption of pickled vegetables was associated with an increased risk of MCI. Conclusions Unhealthy plant-based diets were associated with cognitive impairment, while whole grains, nuts, and eggs may protect cognitive function; pickled vegetables are associated with cognitive impairment.

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A Perspective Review on Diet Quality, Excess Adiposity, and Chronic Psychosocial Stress and Implications for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer

Cited by 4 publications

References 91 publications

Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention

Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention

Allura Red AC is a xenobiotic. Is it also a carcinogen?

Association between plant-based dietary patterns and cognitive function in middle-aged and older residents of China

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