A Phenomenological Modeling of Critical Condensate Saturation

Fang, Fang; Firoozabadi, Abbas; Abbaszadeh, Maghsood; Radke, Clayton J.

doi:10.2118/36716-ms

Cited by 22 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Contact angles in porous media and in a single granular particle have different hysteresis phenomena. Liquid imibition in porous media may be related to both advancing and receding contact angles (Fang et al 1996), but may not be analogous to capillary rise in a capillary tube. Liquid does not rise in a circular capillary when contact angle is greater than 90 • .…”

Section: Contact Angle and Liquid Imbibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Permanent Alteration of Porous Media Wettability from Liquid-Wetting to Intermediate Gas-Wetting

Firoozabadi

2010

Transp Porous Med

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Wettability of Berea and low permeability reservoir rocks are permanently altered from liquid-wetting to intermediate gas-wetting. We use water and decane as model liquid, and air and nitrogen as model gas in the experiments. New chemicals with various functional groups are used in the wettability alteration. We perform compositional analyses of the treated chemical solutions extracted from rock treatment by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) and by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICPMS). The analyses demonstrate reaction between the chemicals and the rock substrate. There is no measurable change in permeability from the chemical reaction for the low molecular weight chemicals. The results reveal the permanent alteration of wettability. Tests are conducted to measure contact angle, spontaneous imbibition, and flow to assess the effect of wettability alteration on flow performance as a function of chemical concentration and functionality. For Berea, the contact angle for the water-air-rock is altered from 0 • to ∼150 • depending on the chemical concentration. For the reservoir rock, the contact angle is altered from ∼70 • to ∼130 • . As a result of the treatment, the water flow rate may increase two and a half times for a given pressure drop in the Berea. The permanent alteration of wettability with the new chemicals is intended for prevention of water blocking in gas production from tight reservoirs. Instead of hydraulic fracturing when water is introduced in formations with most of the water retained by the water-wet rocks, one may use the new chemical surfactants in fracturing to avoid water retention for high gas well productivity.

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Section: Contact Angle and Liquid Imbibitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Permanent Alteration of Porous Media Wettability from Liquid-Wetting to Intermediate Gas-Wetting

Firoozabadi

2010

Transp Porous Med

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“…So, one may define preferential liquid-wetting when θ < 90 • and preferential gas-wetting when θ > 90 • . But for a capillary tube of equilateral triangle cross section, the gas-liquid interface will be flat when θ = 60 • , which suggests preferential gas-wetting for θ > 60 • (Fang et al 1996). Actually, there is complex geometry in porous media of reservoirs.…”

Section: Wettability Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Organosilicon-Acrylic Emulsion Treatment on Wettability of Porous Media

et al. 2011

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To investigate the influence of the organosilicon-acrylic on wetting properties of porous media, contact angle tests were performed on two different sandstones. In addition, the effectiveness of the emulsion on wettability alteration of porous media was validated by capillary rise and spontaneous imbibition tests. The results of wettability tests showed that the wettability of two sandstones was altered from water-wet to gas-wet after treatment with the emulsion. The principle that the critical radius of pore throats and wettability of porous media affect liquids flow was derived analytically and verified experimentally. Coreflood results demonstrated that the latex resulted in increasing the water permeability through altering the rock wettability to gas-wetting, then decreasing the friction drag between liquids and rocks surface. Thereby, the emulsion treatment could increase the flowback rate of trapped liquids. Experimental results were in good agreement with the theoretical analysis. In conclusion, all results indicated that the emulsion could alter the wettability from water-wet to intermediate gas-wet and enhance water permeability in porous media. It was extrapolated that the emulsion had the tremendous potential to be applied in field conditions, enhancing gas productivity through the cleanup of trapped water in the vicinity of the wellbore.

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“…23 The pore structure can affect this curvature in submicron pores 24 but is not included here. In the cubic model, the condensate fills the small corners of each throat with an appropriate meniscus as long as the radius of the throat is greater than the threshold radius, r p .…”

Section: Pore-scale Gas-condensate Flow Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Capillary and Bond Numbers on Relative Permeability

Mohanty¹

2002

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Recovery and recovery rate of oil, gas and condensates depend crucially on their relative permeability. Relative permeability in turn depends on the pore structure, wettability and flooding conditions, which can be represented by a set of dimensionless groups including capillary and bond numbers. The effect of flooding conditions on drainage relative permeabilities is not well understood and is the overall goal of this project. This project has three specific objectives: to improve the centrifuge relative permeability method, to measure capillary and bond number effects experimentally, and to develop a pore network model for multiphase flows. A centrifuge has been built that can accommodate high pressure core holders and x-ray saturation monitoring. The centrifuge core holders can operate at a pore pressure of 6.9 MPa (1000 psi) and an overburden pressure of 17 MPa (2500 psi). The effect of capillary number on residual saturation and relative permeability in drainage flow has been measured. A pore network model has been developed to study the effect of capillary numbers and viscosity ratio on drainage relative permeability. Capillary and Reynolds number dependence of gas-condensate flow has been studied during well testing. A method has been developed to estimate relative permeability parameters from gascondensate well test data.

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A Phenomenological Modeling of Critical Condensate Saturation

Cited by 22 publications

References 13 publications

Permanent Alteration of Porous Media Wettability from Liquid-Wetting to Intermediate Gas-Wetting

Permanent Alteration of Porous Media Wettability from Liquid-Wetting to Intermediate Gas-Wetting

Effect of Organosilicon-Acrylic Emulsion Treatment on Wettability of Porous Media

Impact of Capillary and Bond Numbers on Relative Permeability

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