A physical analysis of sap flow dynamics in trees

Perämäki, Martti

doi:10.14214/df.2

Diss. For.

2005

DOI: 10.14214/df.2

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A physical analysis of sap flow dynamics in trees

Martti Perämäki¹

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Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…which contains water, hormones, minerals and nutrients, flows unidirectionally from the roots toward the leaves, and is influenced by the plant's transpiration, which induces sap flow [Perämäki, 2005]. Transpiration is driven mainly by environmental factors such as soil water supply and atmospheric vapour pressure deficit [Moore et al, 2010].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Functional Context of Scent-Marking in Callithrix penicillata

Oliveira¹,

Macêdo²

2010

IJFP

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Most mammals use olfactory signals for communicating identity, reproductive status and group-related dynamics. Callitrichids produce secretions as olfactory signals, the functional context of which is poorly known, especially in the wild. We analysed the functional significance of scent-marking in a free-ranging group of Callithrix penicillata in central Brazil. We recorded all occurrences of scent-marking according to context and conducted 10-min focal observations of adults and ‘scan sampling’ of the focal tree. We recorded the sex of scent-marking individuals and the location of occurrence within the home range, and found that there was no variation in rate of marking relative to either variable. However, females marked more along areas of contact with other groups in the home range and less in the core (non-contact) areas. Scent-marking in intergroup encounters, even when in agonistic contexts, was not associated with territorial disputes between groups. This suggests distinct functions for scent-marking for intra- versus intergroup communication. We also found a positive correlation between rate of scent-marking and height in the resource tree and between exudativory and air humidity.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transpiration is driven mainly by environmental factors such as soil water supply and atmospheric vapour pressure deficit [Moore et al, 2010]. Phloem sap, on the other hand, contains sugar in addition to other substances and flows bidirectionally, from the leaves to the non-photosynthetic parts of the plant, such as roots and bulbs [Perämäki, 2005].…”

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confidence: 99%

Functional Context of Scent-Marking in Callithrix penicillata

Oliveira¹,

Macêdo²

2010

IJFP

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Biomechanics in plant resistance to drought

et al. 2020

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Temporal dynamics of stem expansion and contraction in savanna trees: withdrawal and recharge of stored water

et al. 2008

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Relationships between diel changes in stem expansion and contraction and discharge and refilling of stem water storage tissues were studied in six dominant Neotropical savanna (cerrado) tree species from central Brazil. Two stem tissues were studied, the active xylem or sapwood and the living tissues located between the cambium and the cork, made up predominantly of parenchyma cells (outer parenchyma). Outer parenchyma and sapwood density ranged from 320 to 410 kg m(-3) and from 420 to 620 kg m(-3), respectively, depending on the species. The denser sapwood tissues exhibited smaller relative changes in cross-sectional area per unit change in water potential compared with the outer parenchyma. Despite undergoing smaller relative changes in cross-sectional area, the sapwood released about 3.5 times as much stored water for a given change in area as the outer parenchyma. Cross-sectional area decreased earlier in the morning in the outer parenchyma than in the sapwood with lag times up to 30 min for most species. The relatively small lag time between dimensional changes of the two tissues suggested that they were hydraulically well connected. The initial morning increase in basal sap flow lagged about 10 to 130 min behind that of branch sap flow. Species-specific lag times between morning declines in branch and main stem cross-sectional area were a function of relative stem water storage capacity, which ranged from 16 to 31% of total diurnal water loss. Reliance on stored water to temporarily replace transpirational losses is one of the homeostatic mechanisms that constrain the magnitude of leaf water deficits in cerrado trees.

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A physical analysis of sap flow dynamics in trees

Cited by 4 publications

References 93 publications

Functional Context of Scent-Marking in Callithrix penicillata

Functional Context of Scent-Marking in Callithrix penicillata

Biomechanics in plant resistance to drought

Temporal dynamics of stem expansion and contraction in savanna trees: withdrawal and recharge of stored water

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