A Physical Basis for Time Clustering of Large Earthquakes

Chéry, Jean; Merkel, Sébastien; Bouissou, S.

doi:10.1785/0120000298

Cited by 38 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Alternatively, in the case when the fault ruptures before a regularly scheduled rupture, the stresses on the fault do not reach the same preseismic stress level (e.g., Figures 9 and 10). Hence several researchers who have proposed models of nonperiodic rupture sequences have appealed to nonsteady friction [e.g., Chèry et al , 2001; Kenner and Simons , 2005].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interseismic strain accumulation: Spin‐up, cycle invariance, and irregular rupture sequences

Hetland

Hager

2006

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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[1] Using models of infinite length strike-slip faults in an elastic layer above linear viscoelastic regions, we investigate interseismic deformation. In the models we investigate, interseismic strain accumulation on mature faults is the result of the cumulative effects of all previous ruptures and is independent of the fault loading conditions. The time for a fault to spin-up to a mature state depends on the rheologies and the fault loading conditions. After the model has spun-up, the temporal variation of shear stresses is determined by the fault slip rate and model rheologies. The change in stress during spin-up depends on the slip rate, rheologies, and fault loading conditions but is independent of the magnitude of the initial stress. Over enough cycles such that the cumulative deformation is block-like, the average mature interseismic velocities are equal to the interseismic velocities of an elastic model with the same geometry and distribution of shear moduli. In a model that has spun-up with the fault rupturing periodically, the cumulative deformation is block-like at the end of each seismic cycle, and the interseismic deformation is cycle-invariant (i.e., the same in all cycles). When the fault ruptures nonperiodically, the fault spins up to a mature state that is the same as if the fault had ruptured periodically with the mean slip rate. When the fault slip rate within each cycle varies, the interseismic deformation evolves toward the cycle-invariant deformation determined by the most recent fault slip rate. Around a fault whose slip rate has been faster (slower) than average, interseismic velocities are larger (smaller) than the cycle-invariant velocities and increase (decrease) from cycle to cycle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infinite‐length faults are obviously not appropriate for Earth, and 3D effects are important for models of interseismic deformation [e.g., Chèry et al , 2001; Lynch et al , 2003; Smith and Sandwell , 2004]. Nevertheless, these two‐dimensional models give appreciable insight into models of strain accumulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interseismic strain accumulation: Spin‐up, cycle invariance, and irregular rupture sequences

Hetland

Hager

2006

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…Interaction between the northwest and southeast corners of the Sula block is quite speculative because the distance between them is so large (around 700 km) that the increase of stress computed by elastic half‐space models is negligible. Thus the physical mechanism remains unclear, but a plausible description for such long distance interaction between earthquakes is given by Chery et al [2001].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration of seismicity and earthquake interactions monitored by GPS in SE Asia triple junction: Sulawesi, Indonesia

Vigny¹,

Perfettini²,

Walpersdorf³

et al. 2002

J. Geophys. Res.

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Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements made in Sulawesi, Indonesia, from 1992 to 1999 detected coseismic and transient postseismic deformation related to the 1 January 1996, Mw = 7.9 earthquake on the North Sulawesi (Minahassa) trench. These motions are superimposed on the long‐term secular motion (40 mm/yr) of the left‐lateral Palu fault in central Sulawesi and continued for about 1.5–2 years. Following the earthquake, a string of earthquakes (of magnitude >6) migrated along the Minahassa trench, from west to east. Subsequently, two earthquakes of magnitude >6 occurred on or near the Palu fault migrating toward the south. Modeling the increase in Coulomb stress generated by the successive earthquakes agrees with the hypothesis of interacting events. An unclamping effect, possibly due to fluid migration in the Palu area, is also suggested by the stress computations and the detected (GPS) displacements.

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“…the time), resulting in a power law magnitude frequency distribution (Gutenberg and Richter, 1944). Even with these assumptions, however, these models fail to explain the great variations in recurrence intervals, thus leading to the emergence of a theory of stress transfer and stress interactions, where stress release on a fault can increase or decrease stress on a nearby fault, potentially triggering or retarding an earthquake, respectively (Chéry et al, 2001;Freed, 2005).…”

Section: Potential Reconstructions Of Paleoseismology With Distal Turmentioning

confidence: 99%

Searching for the seafloor signature of the 21 May 2003 Boumerdès earthquake offshore central Algeria

Cattaneo

Babonneau

Ratzov

et al. 2012

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Shaking by moderate to large earthquakes in the Mediterranean Sea has proved in the past to potentially trigger catastrophic sediment collapse and flow. On 21 May 2003, a magnitude 6.8 earthquake located near Boumerdès (central Algerian coast) triggered large turbidity currents responsible for 29 submarine cable breaks at the foot of the continental slope over ∼150 km from west to east. Seafloor bathymetry and backscatter imagery show the potential imprints of the 2003 event and of previous events. Large slope scarps resulting from active deformation may locally enhance sediment instabilities, although faults are not directly visible at the seafloor. Erosion is evident at the foot of the margin and along the paths of the numerous canyons and valleys. Cable breaks are located at the outlets of submarine valleys and in areas of turbiditic levee overspilling and demonstrate the multi-source and multi-path character of the 2003 turbiditic event. Rough estimates of turbidity flow velocity are not straightforward because of the multiple breaks along the same cable, but seem compatible with those measured in other submarine cable break studies elsewhere.While the signature of the turbidity currents is mostly erosional on the continental slope, turbidite beds alternating with hemipelagites accumulate in the distal reaches of sediment dispersal systems. In perspective, more chronological work on distal turbidite successions offshore Algeria offers promising perspectives for paleoseismology reconstructions based on turbidite dating, if synchronous turbidites along independent sedimentary dispersal systems are found to support triggering by major earthquakes. Preliminary results on sediment core PSM-KS23 off Boumerdès typically show a 800-yr interval between turbidites during the Holocene, in accordance with the estimated mean seismic cycle on land, even if at this stage it is not yet possible to prove the earthquake origin of all the turbidites.

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A Physical Basis for Time Clustering of Large Earthquakes

Cited by 38 publications

References 44 publications

Interseismic strain accumulation: Spin‐up, cycle invariance, and irregular rupture sequences

Interseismic strain accumulation: Spin‐up, cycle invariance, and irregular rupture sequences

Migration of seismicity and earthquake interactions monitored by GPS in SE Asia triple junction: Sulawesi, Indonesia

Searching for the seafloor signature of the 21 May 2003 Boumerdès earthquake offshore central Algeria

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