A Phytochemical Study of Some Cassia Species Cultivated in Egypt

Abstract

Plants of the genus Cassia are rich in polyphenol and anthraquinone content.Cassia javanica Linn., C. didymobotrya Fres, and C. nodosa Buch-Ham. are recorded to have many medicinal uses (1).C. javanica Linn, was the subject of many studies (2-6), while C. didymobotrya and C. nodosa were studied only preliminarily (7,8). A variation in the components present in C. javanica cultivated in Egypt with those reported previously instigated this investigation. RESULTS AND DESCUSSIONThe ether fraction of the ethanol extract of C. javanica leaves was found to contain wax, a-amyrin, ß-amyrin, unknown sterol, kaempferol, kaempferol-3-methylether, kaempferol-7-methylether, traces of quercetin, emodin, and two anthraquinones. These anthraquinones were obtained in a mixture and separated by preparative silica gel chromatography. The first anthraquinone showed absorption maxima at 278, 286 (sh), 530 nm and the second at 225, 278 and 440 nm, which exhibited bath-

Investigation of the Anti-inflammatory Activity of Acacia nilotica and Hibiscus sabdariffa

“…Powdered pods are applied topically to various parts of the body to decrease body temperature and to bleeding sites to stop hemorrhage. Chemical analysis of the pods revealed the presence of tannins, the most important of which are gallic acid (3,4,-5-tetrahydrobenzoic acid, m-digallic acid, catechin and some galloyalated flavans (Goodwin and Nurstem, 1973;El-Sayyad, 1983;Gupta et al, 1981;Gupta and Bokadia 1975). In vitro studies using the pods' tannin have shown that it has an antiviral and antifungal activity against Piricularia oxyzae (Fischer et al, 1954;Baruah et al, 1963).…”

A Study on the Toxicology ofAcacia nilotica

“…The study showed that an acacia diet significantly decreased weight gain in animals suggesting the presence of growth impairing substances in acacia pods. High levels of tannin in acacia leaves and pods have been widely reported (Goodwin and Nurstem, 1973;Gupta et al, 1981;El-Sayyad and Ross, 1983;Sotohy et al, 1995 and1997). In addition, Sotohy et al (1997) observed that the digestion coefficients of most nutrients were significantly decreased in goats fed 5% to 20% acacia diets.…”

The genusCassiaL.: Ethnopharmacological and phytochemical overview

“…El- Sayyad and Ross (1983) reported the isolation of a phenylpropanoid compound, sinapic acid, from the ethanol extract of leaves of C. javanica while four phenylpropanoid compounds such as cinnamic acid, 1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-propan-1-one, 3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propan-1-one, and 2,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propan-1-one were isolated from the dichloromethane extract of C. laevigata leaves (Jones, Bartholomew, Vaishnav and Gupta (1996) 5-Hydroxy-1,4,6,7-tetramethoxy-2-methylanthraquinone Gonza, Barrera, Davila, Valencia, and Domi (1992) 1,5,7-Trihydroxy-4,6-dimethoxy-2-methylanthraquinone Gonza et al (1992) 5,6-Dihydroxy-4,7dimethoxy-2-methylanthraquinone Gonza et al (1992) 5,7-Dihydroxy-l,4,6-trimethoxy-2-hydroxy methylanthraquinone Gonza et al (1992) 5-Hydroxy emodin C. javanica RB/M Tiwari and Singh (1979) 1,3,5,8-Tetrahydroxy-6-methoxy-2-methyl anthraquinone C. javanica HW/M Singh and Singh (2008) 1,3-Dihydroxy 6,8-dimethoxy-2-methyl anthraquinone Gupta, Agrawal, Singh, and Tiwari (1989) 1,3-Dihydroxy-6-methoxy-7-methylanthraquinone Sekar, Prasad, Sidduraju, and Janardhanan (1999) Gupta et al (1989) Sengulone C. multiglandulosa a L/Ch Kitanaka and Takido (1994) (Continues)…”

“…El‐Sayyad and Ross (1983) reported the isolation of a phenylpropanoid compound, sinapic acid, from the ethanol extract of leaves of C . javanica while four phenylpropanoid compounds such as cinnamic acid, 1‐(4‐hydroxy‐ 3,5‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐propan‐1‐one, 3‐hydroxy‐1‐(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxyphenyl)‐propan‐1‐one, and 2,3‐dihydroxy‐1‐(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxyphenyl)‐propan‐1‐one were isolated from the dichloromethane extract of C .…”