2005
DOI: 10.1089/neu.2005.22.807
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A Pig Model with Secondary Increase of Intracranial Pressure after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury and Temporary Blood Loss

Abstract: There is a lack of animal models of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that adequately simulate the longterm changes in intracranial pressure (ICP) increase following clinical TBI. We therefore reproduced the clinical scenario in an animal model of TBI and studied long-term postinjury changes in ICP and indices of brain injury. After induction of anesthesia, juvenile piglets were randomly traumatized using fluid-percussion injury (FPI) to induce either moderate (mTBI = 6 pigs: 3.2 +/- 0.6 atm) or severe (sTBI = 7 pi… Show more

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Cited by 39 publications
(24 citation statements)
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“…However, there are a number of possible causative factors for increased ICP, such as hemorrhage, CSF outflow obstruction and BBB damage (Hoane et al, 2006;Vink et al, 2003). The immediate and late increases in ICP elevation are being attributed to vascular changes and more complex changes, respectively (Engelborghs et al, 1998;Fritz et al, 2005;Jamali et al, 1998;Rooker et al, 2003). ICP measurements seem to be a more sensitive method to detect mTBI than markers for neuropathology (Teranishi et al, 2009), both with respect to the onset of injury and exposure conditions.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, there are a number of possible causative factors for increased ICP, such as hemorrhage, CSF outflow obstruction and BBB damage (Hoane et al, 2006;Vink et al, 2003). The immediate and late increases in ICP elevation are being attributed to vascular changes and more complex changes, respectively (Engelborghs et al, 1998;Fritz et al, 2005;Jamali et al, 1998;Rooker et al, 2003). ICP measurements seem to be a more sensitive method to detect mTBI than markers for neuropathology (Teranishi et al, 2009), both with respect to the onset of injury and exposure conditions.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, the piglet offers a better model of the human brain, with similar cortical grey-white differentiation, gyral pattern and physiologic responses to TBI in humans [27,28]. Outcomes assessed in previous swine TBI intervention studies have included mean arterial pressure [29,30,31], intracranial pressure [30,31,32], cerebral blood flow [29,30,31,32], brain tissue oxygen tension [29], cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen [31], immunohistochemistry [29,30,31], histopathology [30,31,33] and lesion volume by magnetic resonance imaging [29,32]. Simple functional testing has been performed in swine TBI studies [32,34] with the use of a veterinary coma scale, similar to the Glasgow Coma Scale [35] used in humans.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A critical elevation of ICP indicates the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients suffering from severe traumatic brain injury 116 . Raised ICP also plays a significant role in the vicious cycle of events that can occur following periods of hypoxia or ischemia: hypoxia leads to brain swelling which causes a rise in ICP, which in turn causes more hypoxia leading to more swelling and so forth [117][118][119][120][121][122] . So, ICP monitoring has been used for many years to estimate the risk of the unfavorable development of brain injuries 116,123 .…”
Section: Icp Under Normal Physiologic and Hyperbaric Conditionsmentioning
confidence: 99%