A pilot study on glycemia and insulin resistance in patients with severe periodontitis

George, Anne; Narayan, Vivek; Kurian, Nisha; Joseph, Annu; Anil, Sukumaran

doi:10.4103/jisp.jisp_419_20

Cited by 10 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The results suggested that the insulin signaling pathway in peripheral insulin‐targeting tissues has changed in varying degrees in the rats of CP group, and this may be associated with hyperinsulinemia. These findings suggested that the rats in the CP group were in a state of pre‐T2D hyperinsulinemia and were also consistent with the clinical observations that CP leads to a prediabetic state 42–44 …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Chronic periodontitis induces the proliferation of pancreatic β‐cells to cause hyperinsulinemia in a rat model

Ye,

Lv,

et al. 2023

J of Periodontal Research

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Background and ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine if chronic periodontitis (CP) may induce hyperinsulinemia and may have the effect of on pancreatic β‐cell proliferation in a rat model.Materials and MethodsTwelve male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into two groups: the CP group and the control group (Con group). The following contents were evaluated: pathological changes in periodontal soft and hard tissues; serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level, serum fasting insulin (FINS) level, fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) β (HOMA‐β) index; histopathological examination of islets; immunohistochemistry of insulin and p‐Smad2 expression in islets; immunofluorescence of changes in the relative number of β‐cells and the number of Ki67‐positive β‐cells. Western blotting was used to analyze p‐Smad2/Smad2 levels. Results were analyzed by two independent samples t tests.ResultsIncreased serum LPS level, FINS level, and HOMA‐β index were observed in the rats of the CP group; FBG level did not change significantly; histological assessments showed an enlarged islet area, increased insulin content, relatively increased β‐cells, increased Ki67‐positive β‐cells, and decreased p‐Smad2 expression in islets in the rats of the CP group.ConclusionOur study results link CP‐induced hyperinsulinemia with changes in islets, such as islet hyperplasia and compensatory β‐cell proliferation, by using a CP rat model.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…These findings suggested that the rats in the CP group were in a state of pre-T2D hyperinsulinemia and were also consistent with the clinical observations that CP leads to a prediabetic state. [42][43][44] To observe the pathological changes in the pancreatic islets of rats with CP, HE staining of the pancreatic islets was performed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic periodontitis induces the proliferation of pancreatic β‐cells to cause hyperinsulinemia in a rat model

Ye,

Lv,

et al. 2023

J of Periodontal Research

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“…A pilot study which included 37 patients with severe periodontitis and 37 individuals with healthy periodontium reported that HOMA-IR was significantly higher in patients with periodontitis than in healthy controls. 26 A recent study found that high TyG levels were associated with increased odds of periodontitis in the US population. 27 Kwon et al 28 found a significant association between TG/HDL-C ratio and the prevalence of periodontitis in the Korean population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) associated with periodontitis in Korean adults

Lee

Kwon

2022

Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease

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Background: Periodontitis is one of the most common diseases associated with the oral cavity. Previous studies have suggested that there is an association between periodontitis and metabolic dysfunction. Recently, the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) index have been identified as useful markers for assessing insulin resistance. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between periodontitis and non-insulin-based insulin resistance (IR) indices and compare the predictive values of these indices in the Korean population. Design: This is a cross-sectional study. Methods: A total of 13,584 participants were included in the 2013–2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. A community periodontal index score⩾3 was used to define periodontitis. Participants were divided into quartiles according to each index. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the prevalence of periodontitis and the TyG index, TG/HDL-C ratio, and METS-IR index quartiles were calculated using multiple logistic regression analysis. We estimated the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) of the indices to compare the predictive values of the three indices. Results: Compared with quartile 1, the fourth quartile ORs (95% CIs) for periodontitis were 1.23 (1.01–1.49) for the TyG index, 1.23 (1.02–1.48) for the TG/HDL-C ratio, and 1.53 (1.25–1.88) for the METS-IR index after adjustment for confounders. The AUC (95% CIs) was 0.608 (0.598–0.618) for the TyG index, 0.600 (0.590–0.610) for the TG/HDL-C ratio, and 0.617 (0.608–0.627) for the METS-IR index to identify periodontitis. The predictive power of METS-IR was significantly higher than that of the TyG index and TG/HDL-C. Conclusion: Higher TG/HDL-C ratio, TyG, and METS-IR indices are associated with a higher prevalence of periodontitis. The METS-IR index is a more powerful predictor of periodontitis prevalence than the TyG index and TG/HDL-C ratio.

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“…A few prior studies have noted the associations of glucose and lipid metabolism indexes with periodontitis in comparisons between systemically healthy periodontitis patients and periodontally healthy controls. [17][18][19] A large cross-sectional study has revealed that greater serum TG was associated with higher localized Stage II/III periodontitis risk. 20 However, there were no associations for CHO and HDL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose and lipid metabolism indexes and blood inflammatory biomarkers of patients with severe periodontitis: A cross‐sectional study

Guan

Wang

et al. 2022

Journal of Periodontology

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Background: To investigate the relation of established glucose and lipid metabolism indexes and blood inflammatory biomarkers with severe periodontitis in systemically healthy patients. Methods: Systemically healthy Stage III/IV periodontitis patients (case group) (n = 397), Stage II periodontitis patients (n = 36), and periodontally healthy subjects (control group) (n = 285) were recruited. A periodontal examination, complete blood cell examination, and blood biochemical examination were conducted for all participants. Full-mouth apical films were taken for the case group. Both the case and control groups were divided by age into younger (≤ 35 years) and elder subjects. Multiple logistic regression analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were conducted. A logistic least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) model was constructed for the younger subgroups. Results: Various glucose and lipid metabolism indexes and blood inflammatory biomarkers significantly differed between severe periodontitis patients and healthy controls, and the younger subgroups presented a greater degree of statistical differences than the elder ones. More pairs of periodontal parameters and blood indexes with significantly fair linear correlations were found in the younger patient subgroup. A logistic LASSO regression model containing eight blood indexes to assess a severe periodontitis outcome in younger subgroups showed satisfactory predictive ability. Conclusion:The present study revealed various glucose and lipid metabolism indexes and blood inflammatory biomarkers significantly differ between severe periodontitis patients and healthy controls, especially in the younger subgroups. A LASSO regression model could be a viable option to assess severe periodontitis risk for younger patients.

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A pilot study on glycemia and insulin resistance in patients with severe periodontitis

Cited by 10 publications

References 48 publications

Chronic periodontitis induces the proliferation of pancreatic β‐cells to cause hyperinsulinemia in a rat model

Chronic periodontitis induces the proliferation of pancreatic β‐cells to cause hyperinsulinemia in a rat model

Comparison of the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) associated with periodontitis in Korean adults

Glucose and lipid metabolism indexes and blood inflammatory biomarkers of patients with severe periodontitis: A cross‐sectional study

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