A Planar Millimeter-Wave Resonator-Array to Sense the Permittivity of COP Film with the 5G Handset Back-Cover

Abstract

In this paper, a new sensor is developed to estimate the dielectric constant of Cyclo Olefin Polymer (COP) film utilizable for 5G mobile phones’ multi-layered back−cover. It is featured by the electrical characterization of the thin layer of the COP film at 28 GHz as the material under test (MUT) directly contacting the planar probe (which is an array of resonating patches) and a new meta-surface as metal patterned on the COP film inserted between the planar probe and the 5G multi-layered back−cover for enhanced physical interpretation of the data by way of impedance matching. In this approach to delving into the material, a thin and small meta-surface film with an area of 25.65 × 21.06 mm2 and a thickness of 55 μm is examined for applications to 5G mobile 28 GHz-frequency communication on the basis of the below −10 dB-impedance matching for the 1-by-4 array sensor. Along with this, the real and commercial handset back−cover is brought to the test. The proposed method presents the advantages of geometrical adequacy to the realistic 5G handset antenna configuration, the idea of impedance-matching via meta-materials, and the suitability of characterizing the film-type structure as compared to the open-ended coaxial waveguide, waveguide-to-waveguide and TX horn-to-RX horn free-space test methods.

A Metamaterial Surface Avoiding Loss from the Radome for a Millimeter-Wave Signal-Sensing Array Antenna

“…When the antenna confronts a radome in a radar system, electromagnetic approaches are needed to lower or get rid of the dielectric loss from the cover layer. This specific layer is seen as a superstrate, and it can be modified as a metamaterial surface to bring uncustomarily positive functions as in [9]. As stated by books and articles on metamaterials, the electromagnetic fields and waves that enter a medium will go through reflection or weakening or change in velocity, and these phenomena can be mitigated by manipulating constitutive parameters of the medium material [9][10][11].…”

“…This specific layer is seen as a superstrate, and it can be modified as a metamaterial surface to bring uncustomarily positive functions as in [9]. As stated by books and articles on metamaterials, the electromagnetic fields and waves that enter a medium will go through reflection or weakening or change in velocity, and these phenomena can be mitigated by manipulating constitutive parameters of the medium material [9][10][11]. Because the constitutive parameters such as permittivity are embedded in the velocity and refractive index, manipulating them is equivalent to manipulating the phase or phase distribution of the wave.…”

Analysis of Asymmetry in Active Split-Ring Resonators to Design Circulating-Current Eigenmode: Demonstration of Beamsteering and Focal-Length Control toward Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface

“…So far, the majority of metamaterial designs were based on ring resonator geometries, typically split-ring resonators (SRRs), which can be also defined as simple inductor-capacitor (LC) circuits with the resonance frequency scaled inversely with their lateral size [5]. Metamaterials allow for a design of the spatial distribution of optical constants with a finer resolution than the wavelength, and thereby realize useful and novel devices such as very thin and flat lenses [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], invisibility cloaks [16][17][18][19], sensors [20][21][22], and imaging [23,24] at various frequency bands.…”