A platform approach towards hybrid photonic integration and assembly for communications, sensing, and quantum technologies based on a polymer waveguide technology

Kleinert, Moritz; Nuck, Madeleine; Conradi, Hauke; Felipe, David de; Kresse, Martin; Brinker, W.; Zawadzki, C.; Keil, Norbert; Schell, Martin

doi:10.1109/icsj47124.2019.8998655

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…We achieve optimal positioning by maximizing optical transmission through the complete module. We glued the Ti:LiNbO We implemented three square-shaped weakly guided channel waveguides with an refractive index change of around Δ𝑛 = 0.01 between core and cladding material [24]. The corresponding MFDs are shown in Table 2b.…”

Section: Polyboardmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The square shape ensures a negligible polarization dependence of the waveguides. In addition, U-grooves and slots can be etched for the coupling to optical fibers and the integration of optical elements like thin-film filters (TFFs) into the PolyBoard [24]. The TFFs enable various spectral and polarization filter characteristics and are based on dielectric layer stacks.…”

Section: Polyboardmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We coupled the output facet of the Ti:LiNbO 3 waveguide to a second PolyBoard with integrated optical components. The design of the complete module is shown in Figure 5a We implemented three square-shaped weakly guided channel waveguides with an refractive index change of around Δ𝑛 = 0.01 between core and cladding material [24]. The corresponding MFDs are shown in Table 2b.…”

Section: Polyboardmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fiber-coupled plug-and-play heralded single photon source based on Ti:LiNbO₃ and polymer technology

Kießler¹,

Conradi²,

Kleinert³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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A reliable, but cost-effective generation of single-photon states is key for practical quantum communication systems. For real-world deployment, waveguide sources offer optimum compatibility with fiber networks and can be embedded in hybrid integrated modules. Here, we present the first chip-size fully integrated fiber-coupled Heralded Single Photon Source (HSPS) module based on a hybrid integration of a nonlinear lithium niobate waveguide into a polymer board. Photon pairs at 810 nm (signal) and 1550 nm (idler) are generated via parametric down-conversion pumped at 532 nm in the LiNbO₃ waveguide. The pairs are splitted in the polymer board and routed to separate output ports. The module has a size of (2×1) cm² and is fully fiber-coupled with one pump input fiber and two output fibers. We measure a heralded second-order correlation function of 𝑔(2)_h = 0.05 with a heralding efficiency of 𝜂_ℎ = 4.5 % at low pump powers.

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Section: Polyboardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Polyboardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Polyboardmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fiber-coupled plug-and-play heralded single photon source based on Ti:LiNbO₃ and polymer technology

Kießler¹,

Conradi²,

Kleinert³

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…The primary goal of the chip is to be the assembled together with photonics substrates to provide a compact quantum system on a chip, for example an optical-path QRNG. The integrated photonics may be laid out in a polymer board, e.g., the Poly-Board in [23] and [24] designed by HHI Fraunhofer institute, consisting of polymer-embedded single-mode waveguides, coupled with a bulk nonlinear crystal (NLO). The input laser pulse at 785 nm is attenuated down to the single photon level (through polarization beam splitters, dichroic mirrors, long pass filters, and half wave plates, inserted perpendicularly to the waveguide layer into etched slots), randomly split through the waveguides as described in [25], and finally detected by the SPAD chip.…”

Section: System Integrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Channel SPAD Chip for Silicon Photonics With Multi-Photon CoIncidence Detection

Incoronato

Severini

Villa

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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We present the design and characterization of a microelectronic chip consisting of 32 independent single-photon counting and multi-photon time-coincidence channels, based on Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs). The chip aims at easing the assembly together with Silicon Photonics substrates and chips, for a broad spectrum of quantum applications. The chip provides not only 32 independent pulse outputs for multi-channel singlephoton counting, but it features other two operation modalities. For single-photon applications, the chip provides the single-hit digital address of the channel detecting the photon among the 32 ones. For multi-photon applications, the chip provides an eventdriven pulse every time more than n photons (n selectable between 2 and 4) concurrently trigger different channels. Each detection channel consists of 4 independent SPADs with different diameter (5 μm, 10 μm, 20 μm, and 50 μm), to easily match the waveguides and collection efficiency.

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“…Polymer waveguides have low processing, material cost and excellent compatibility with Si waveguide and fiber optics, and thus they are widely used in cost-effective and power-efficient applications [3], [4]. Moreover, in order to realize both passive optical devices such as wavelength division multiplexer/de-multiplexer (MUX/DEMUX), mode MUX/DEMUX, directional coupler, spot-size convertor (SSC) and other interposers [5], polymer waveguides provide flexible and versatile solutions. Recently, polymer interposer with an coupling loss as low as 0.8 dB has been reported [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-Compact Low Loss Polymer Wavelength (De)Multiplexer With Spot-Size Convertor Using Topology Optimization

Kuang

Shi

et al. 2021

IEEE Photonics J.

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Polymer waveguides are considered to be good candidates for optical interconnects application due to their advantages such as flexibility, good compatibility, and versatility for realizing 3D and micro structures. However, constrained by the limited degrees of freedom provided by templatebased design approaches, there lacks a satisfying solution which achieves small footprint and low loss simultaneously. Inverse design has been proposed to improve the performance. However, most inverse design methods target at silicon-based optical devices optimization which has a relatively high refractive index difference. In this paper, we demonstrate an ultra-compact low loss polymer wavelength (de)multiplexer with spot-size conversion structure to interposing Si and optical fiber using gradient-based topology optimization and downhill simplex method. The 2-channel wavelength (de)multiplexer displays an excess propagation loss of 0.84 dB and 1.06 dB at 1310 nm and 1550 nm, respectively, with a total footprint of 245 × 35 µm 2 . The 4-channel wavelength (de)multiplexer for coarse wavelength division multiplexing applications with 20 nm spacing (1270, 1290, 1310, and 1330 nm) with an excess waveguide propagation loss of 1.72 dB within 271 × 50 µm 2 has also been demonstrated and all the output ports of the polymer wavelength demultiplexing structure achieved a conversion efficiency over 90%.

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A platform approach towards hybrid photonic integration and assembly for communications, sensing, and quantum technologies based on a polymer waveguide technology

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Fiber-coupled plug-and-play heralded single photon source based on Ti:LiNbO₃ and polymer technology

Fiber-coupled plug-and-play heralded single photon source based on Ti:LiNbO₃ and polymer technology

Multi-Channel SPAD Chip for Silicon Photonics With Multi-Photon CoIncidence Detection

Ultra-Compact Low Loss Polymer Wavelength (De)Multiplexer With Spot-Size Convertor Using Topology Optimization

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