A Platform for Screening Potential Anticholinesterase Fractions and Components Obtained from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge for Treating Alzheimer’s Disease

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive impairment. Cholinesterase inhibitors are widely used for the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer's disease to enhance central cholinergic transmission. In this study, a bioactivity-oriented screening platform based on a modified Ellman's method and HPLC-QTOF MS technique was developed to rapidly screen active agents of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. The 60% ethanol fraction from an ethyl acetate extract exhibited the most potential anticholinesterase activity. Fifteen steroid saponins were identified by the mass spectrum, standards and literature reports. Twenty-five compounds were isolated from the active fraction. The results showed that compounds with the C6–C3–C6 skeleton probably had both AChE and BuChE inhibitory activities. Xanthone and benzene derivatives exhibited no or little activity. Lignans showed weak BuChE inhibitory activity. The steroidal saponins demonstrated moderate or weak AChE inhibitory activity.

Exploring the potential mechanism of Polygonatum sibiricum for Alzheimer's disease based on network pharmacology and molecular docking

“…37 These compounds have various pharmacological properties, such as promoting learning and memory, 38 reducing in ammation and oxidative stress, 39,40 lowering Aβ levels, inhibiting tau protein hyperphosphorylation, 41,42 and decreasing apoptosis in neuronal cells. 43,44 Screening based on Ellman's method and HPLC-QTOF MS technique revealed that Zhimai steroidal saponins exhibit moderate or weak AChE inhibitory activity, 45 indicating their potential as an anti-AD drug. On the other hand, Diosgenin exerts its therapeutic effect on AD by modulating NOX 4/NOX 4-mediated oxidative stress and in ammatory responses.…”

Shenzhi Jiannao formula ameliorates vascular dementia in vivo and in vitro by inhibition glutamate neurotoxicity via promoting clathrin-mediated endocytosis

“…has the function of regulating neurotransmitters levels, inhibiting hippocampal neuron apoptosis, and attenuating cerebral ischemia injury and cognitive deficits [ 21 – 24 ]. Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge has been verified to have cholinesterase inhibitory activity, and it could inhibit neuroinflammation and remove oxygen free radicals to improve learning and memory abilities [ 25 , 26 ]. Paeoniae Radix Rubra has also been demonstrated to have inhibitory effects on thrombus formation, as well as anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties to reduce neurotoxic injury [ 27 – 29 ].…”

Shenzhi Jiannao Formula Ameliorates Vascular Dementia in Vivo and in Vitro by Inhibition Glutamate Neurotoxicity via Promoting Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis

“…has the function of regulating neurotransmitters levels, inhibiting hippocampal neuron apoptosis, and attenuating cerebral ischemia injury and cognitive de cits [21][22][23][24]. Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge has been veri ed to have cholinesterase inhibitory activity, and it could inhibit neuroin ammation and remove oxygen free radicals to improve learning and memory abilities [25,26]. Paeoniae Radix Rubra has also been demonstrated to have inhibitory effects on thrombus formation, as well as anti-in ammatory and antioxidative properties to reduce neurotoxic injury [27][28][29].…”