A Plio-Pleistocene (c. 0–4 Ma) cyclostratigraphy for IODP Site U1478 (Mozambique Channel, SW Indian Ocean): Exploring an offshore record of paleoclimate and ecosystem variability in SE Africa

Nakajima, Kai; Kaboth‐Bahr, Stefanie; Berke, Melissa A.; Franzese, A.M.; Hall, Ian R; Hemming, S. R.; Just, Janna; LeVay, Leah J.; Pross, Jörg; Robinson, Rebecca S.

doi:10.1127/nos/2020/0608

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Further investigation of Pleistocene ocean‐atmosphere patterns similar to the IOD could aid in understanding comprehensive changes in hydroclimate in the Limpopo region and variable forcing mechanisms. Although δD wax at Site U1478 does not display a clear precession signal, this is likely related to sampling resolution, and the higher resolution XRF log(Ti/Ca) record of runoff does illustrate a dominant precession periodicity for the early Pleistocene (2.8–1.8 Ma) and late Pliocene (4–3.7 Ma) portions of our record (Koutsodendris et al., 2020). Overall, records from the Limpopo region over the last 4 Ma illustrate similar mechanisms controlling rainfall, although their strength and expression appear to have varied through time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…As values >0.3 can indicate soil input biases (Weijers et al., 2006), low values at Site U1478 confirm a predominantly marine source of GDGTs that supports the use of TEX 86 for SST reconstruction at the southeast African margin. The BIT index and XRF‐based log(Ti/Ca) records of terrestrial influence at Site U1478 (Koutsodendris et al., 2020) show overall coherence, especially from 3.4 to 2.7 Ma. High (low) log(Ti/Ca) values are interpreted to represent increased (decreased) fluvial sediment contributions, as Ti input is attributed to detrital material and Ca input is characteristic of marine biological processes (Koutsodendris et al., 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“… Plio‐Pleistocene comparison between (a) the δ 18 O benthic stack record (Lisiecki & Raymo, 2005), illustrating changes in global ice volume, and Site U1478 proxy records. Site U1478 data include (b) TEX 86 derived SST (°C), (c) δD wax (‰), with error bars representing the standard deviation of duplicate analyses, (d) the BIT index, and (e) XRF‐based log(Ti/Ca) (Koutsodendris et al., 2020). Changes associated with the switch in Indonesian Throughflow, mid‐Pliocene Warm Period (mPWP), Marine Isotope Stages M2 and KM2, and the intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation are labeled.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The age model for Site U1478 is presented in Koutsodendris et al. (2020) using XRF core‐scanning data tuned to the most prominent orbital signal for sections of similar sedimentation rates. Our record spans from 160.3 to 257.4 m cored composite depth below sea floor (CCSF) and the overall age model establishes the temporal length of this sediment interval to be between 1.8 and 4.05 Ma.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data from other studies used for comparison include log(Ti/Ca) from Koutsodendris et al. (2020) (IODP Site U1478), leaf wax isotopes and TEX 86 derived SubTs from Liddy et al. (2016) (DSDP Site 231), TEX 86 derived SSTs from Smith et al.…”

Section: Data Availability Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plio‐Pleistocene Continental Hydroclimate and Indian Ocean Sea Surface Temperatures at the Southeast African Margin

Taylor

Berke

Castañeda

et al. 2021

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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The Plio-Pleistocene encompasses large-scale changes in climate and may provide an analog for the function of Earth's ecosystems in a high carbon dioxide (CO 2) world. Pliocene climate was characterized by atmospheric CO 2 levels similar to today, reduced sea surface temperature (SST) gradients, and events such as the restriction of the Central American and Indonesian Seaways (Cane & Molnar, 2001; Fedorov et al., 2013). Despite its relative warmth and stability, the Pliocene is defined by long-term cooling that is potentially related to tectonic plate movement and consequent changes in ocean currents and pCO 2 drawdown, especially in the Indo-Pacific region (Cane & Molnar, 2001). The Plio-Pleistocene transition around 2.7 Ma is marked by the breakdown of Pliocene climate conditions, as strong SST gradients between the high-and low-latitudes and across the Pacific Ocean basin were established, and Northern Hemisphere glaciation intensified (Fedorov et al., 2013). The development of stronger zonal SST gradients in the Pacific Ocean was likely related to gradual thermocline shoaling in the Pliocene and an increase in tropical upwelling that led to strengthened Walker circulation (Ravelo et al., 2004). The interaction between these ocean-atmosphere feedbacks and changes in insolation potentially magnified the climate's sensitivity to obliquity, leading to the 41 kyr pacing of higher amplitude glacial cycles in the early Pleistocene (Ravelo et al., 2004).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Availability Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plio‐Pleistocene Continental Hydroclimate and Indian Ocean Sea Surface Temperatures at the Southeast African Margin

Taylor

Berke

Castañeda

et al. 2021

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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Ordination analysis in sedimentology, geochemistry and palaeoenvironment—Background, current trends and recommendations

Bialik

Jarochowska

Grossowicz

2021

The Depositional Record

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Ordination is the name given to a group of methods used to analyse multiple variables without preceding hypotheses. Over the last few decades, the use of these methods in Earth science in general, and notably in analyses of sedimentary sources, has dramatically increased. However, with limited resources oriented towards Earth scientists on the topic, the application of ordination analysis is at times suboptimal and misuse by authors can occur. This text was written for researchers with little to no experience with ordination with the aim of exposing them to the utility and the pitfalls of this branch of exploratory statistics. To do so, a detailed review of three ordination methods is offered: principal component analysis, non‐metric multidimensional scaling and detrended correspondence analysis. A survey of 163 publications in Earth science is presented, in which these ordination methods were used together with a summary of how, why and on what type of data ordination was used. With common mistakes outlined and misuses in those publications identified. Notably, issues were found with reproducibility, documentation, data set dimensions and transformations. Based on this survey, a recommended workflow is offered for Earth scientists who wish to apply ordination. Additionally, this article is accompanied by highly annotated R scripts for novice users to use these methods.

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Hydroclimate change in subtropical South Africa during the mid-Piacenzian Warm Period

Zhao

Caley

Dupont

2020

Quaternary Science Reviews

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The mid-Piacenzian Warm Period (mPWP, 3.264-3.025 Ma) of the Pliocene epoch has been proposed as an analog for future climate scenarios. Disagreement between the paleoenvironmental reconstruction and model simulations of the climate in subtropical regions for this period suggests that more investigation of the subtropical climate variability of the mPWP is needed. This study presents pollen, microcharcoal and benthic foraminifera oxygen isotope records generated from marine sediment cores of International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Exp. 361 Site U1479 from the Cape Basin offshore of South Africa for the period between 3.337 and 2.875 Ma. With an average sample resolution of 3 ka, this record represents the highest-resolution record of mPWP vegetation change from the region. Our results indicate that the vegetation during the mPWP was dominated by fynbos (species-rich heathy vegetation in the Cape Floristic Region) with variable proportions of Ericaceae. Moreover, the development of the Afrotemperate forest (tall, multilayered indigenous forests in South Africa) reflects shifts in the amounts of precipitation between winter and summer in the year-round rainfall zone. The vegetation variation is probably influenced by the latitudinal insolation gradient in response to precession forcing. Several glacials depicted by the benthic foraminifera oxygen isotope record were characterized by lower percentage values of Restionaceae, higher percentage values of ericoid fynbos and Afrotemperate forest. These events correspond well with cooler SE Atlantic sea surface temperatures driven by interactions of both atmospheric and oceanographic processes. The cooler sea surface temperatures attributed to Antarctic ice sheet expansion, reduced Agulhas leakage (heat and salt transfer from the Indian Ocean to the Atlantic Ocean) and/or intensified southern Benguela upwelling, resulted in less precipitation in the winter rainfall zone of South Africa.

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A Plio-Pleistocene (c. 0–4 Ma) cyclostratigraphy for IODP Site U1478 (Mozambique Channel, SW Indian Ocean): Exploring an offshore record of paleoclimate and ecosystem variability in SE Africa

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Plio‐Pleistocene Continental Hydroclimate and Indian Ocean Sea Surface Temperatures at the Southeast African Margin

Plio‐Pleistocene Continental Hydroclimate and Indian Ocean Sea Surface Temperatures at the Southeast African Margin

Ordination analysis in sedimentology, geochemistry and palaeoenvironment—Background, current trends and recommendations

Hydroclimate change in subtropical South Africa during the mid-Piacenzian Warm Period

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