A polymorphism in the fatty acid desaturase-2 gene is associated with the arachidonic acid metabolism in pigs

Gol, S.; Pena, Ramona N.; Rothschild, Max F.; Tör, M.; Estany, J.

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-32710-w

Cited by 66 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Two of the SNPs were located in the sixth exon (rs326796107 (FADS2:c.789T>G)) and the eighth exon (rs335011456 (FADS2:c.900C>T)) of the FADS gene, while the other three were upstream region variants (rs331050552, rs336076510 and rs344625804). These three upstream variants were also detected on a Duroc population 110 , where rs331050552 and rs336076510 were described to be fully linked with the rs321384923 variant, showing a strong association with the C18:2/C20:4 ratio in muscle. However, no association was found between the five FADS2-SNPs and the seven traits in the GWAS performed on the merged dataset of our population.…”

Section: Ld5mentioning

confidence: 79%

“…On a previous study in the BC1_LD animals, the FADS genes were proposed as potential candidate genes for the SSC2 QTL associated with the percentages of C16:1(n-9), C18:2(n-6), C18:3(n-3), and PUFAS in backfat 109 . In other studies, FADS2 was also proposed as a strong candidate gene to explain the variation of two metabolic indices (C20:3(n-6)/C18:2(n-6) and C20:4(n-6)/C20:3(n-6)) in the IMF of Erhualian pigs 22 , and the C20:4 to C18:2 ratio in the muscle of Duroc pigs 110 .…”

Section: Ld5mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of strong candidate genes for backfat and intramuscular fatty acid composition in three crosses based on the Iberian pig

Crespo-Piazuelo

Criado-Mesas

Revilla

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Meat quality has an important genetic component and can be modified by the fatty acid (FA) composition and the amount of fat contained in adipose tissue and muscle. The present study aimed to find genomic regions associated with the FA composition in backfat and muscle (longissimus dorsi) in 439 pigs with three different genetic backgrounds but having the Iberian breed in common. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were performed between 38,424 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) covering the pig genome and 60 phenotypic traits related to backfat and muscle FA composition. Nine significant associated regions were found in backfat on the Sus scrofa chromosomes (SSC): SSC1, SSC2, SSC4, SSC6, SSC8, SSC10, SSC12, and SSC16. For the intramuscular fat, six significant associated regions were identified on SSC4, SSC13, SSC14, and SSC17. A total of 52 candidate genes were proposed to explain the variation in backfat and muscle FA composition traits. GWAS were also reanalysed including SNPs on five candidate genes (ELOVL6, ELOVL7, FADS2, FASN, and SCD). Regions and molecular markers described in our study may be useful for meat quality selection of commercial pig breeds, although several polymorphisms were breed-specific, and further analysis would be needed to evaluate possible causal mutations. Meat quality depends on the consumer's perception, which is subjected to the socio-demographic backgrounds of the consumer 1 , and is based on factors such as the nutritional value and the organoleptic properties of meat 2. These factors can be modified by the fatty acid (FA) composition and the amount of fat that is contained in adipose tissue and muscle 3. In addition, the consumer is becoming more concerned about the healthfulness of meat 1. Certain saturated FAs (SFAs) raise the cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in blood, which increase the risk of suffering a cardiovascular disease 4,5 ; whereas monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs) reduce plasma total LDL-cholesterol without affecting high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, which have an anti-atherogenic effect 4,5. Polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs), especially long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, also reduce LDL-cholesterol levels and the risk of cardiovascular disease 6 , but high amount of PUFAs in meat increase its susceptibility to oxidation, producing meat with undesirable sensory properties 3. In contrast, a high concentration of MUFAs improve meat flavour 7. The Iberian pig is a breed characterized by its great meat quality, due to its high intramuscular fat (IMF) content with an increased proportion of MUFAs (mostly oleic acid) and a reduced quantity of PUFAs 8,9. Conversely, other commercial breeds such as Pietrain and Landrace produce lean meat with a lower proportion of fat,

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Section: Ld5mentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Ld5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of strong candidate genes for backfat and intramuscular fatty acid composition in three crosses based on the Iberian pig

Crespo-Piazuelo

Criado-Mesas

Revilla

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In recent years, there have been several genome-wide association studies on milk fat traits (Grisart et al, 2002;Daetwyler et al, 2008;Moioli et al, 2007). The majority of associated SNPs were located in intergenic and intronic regions (Ibeagha-Awemu et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of polymorphism in the <i>FADS2</i> gene on the fatty acid composition of bovine milk

et al. 2019

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Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a role in a wide variety of physiological processes. They are produced by a series of desaturation and elongation reactions. normalΔ-6-desaturase is a membrane-bound enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of italicα-linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) and linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) to stearidonic acid (18:4n-3) and italicγ-linolenic acid (18:3n-6). It is encoded by the FADS2 gene located on bovine chromosome 29. The aim of this study was to identify a single nucleotide polymorphism in the FADS2 gene and to determine possible associations with milk fatty acid composition in two breeds of dairy cattle, i.e., Jersey and Polish Holstein-Friesian. Direct DNA sequencing revealed the presence of an A-to-G substitution in intron 3 of the FADS2 gene (rs209202414). Both populations were genotyped with an appropriate PCR-RFLP assay. The following genotype distributions were observed: for Jerseys, AA = 0.24, AG = 0.63, and GG = 0.13; for Polish Holstein-Friesians, AA = 0.17, AG = 0.40, and GG = 0.43. In Jerseys, statistically significant relationships were found between the FASD2 genotypes and the following milk fatty acids: lauric (P=0.0486), behenic (P=0.0199), lignoceric (P=0.0209), oleic (P=0.0386), eicosatrienoic (P=0.0113), and docosadienoic (P=0.0181). In Polish Holstein-Friesian cows, significant associations were observed for erucic (P=0.0460) and docosahexaenoic (P=0.0469) acids. The study indicated the A-to-G substitution (rs209202414) in the bovine FADS2 gene as a potential genetic marker for fatty acid composition in cattle milk.

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“…FADS2 is a pleiotropic gene with known functions in the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, lipid homeostasis, inflammatory response, and promotion of myocyte growth and cell signaling [19][20][21] . A non-synonymous SNP in exon 7 of Japanese Black cattle is significantly associated with linoleic acid 22 composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haplotype-Resolved Cattle Genomes Provide Insights Into Structural Variation and Adaptation

Tearle

et al. 2019

Preprint

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We present high quality, phased genome assemblies representative of taurine and indicine cattle, subspecies that differ markedly in productivity-related traits and environmental adaptation. We report a new haplotype-aware scaffolding and polishing pipeline using contigs generated by the trio binning method to produce haplotype-resolved, chromosomelevel genome assemblies of Angus (taurine) and Brahman (indicine) cattle breeds. These assemblies were used to identify structural and copy number variants that differentiate the subspecies and we found variant detection was sensitive to the specific reference genome chosen. Six gene families with immune related functions are expanded in the indicine lineage. The very high quality of the assemblies from both sub-species enabled transcripts to be phased to detect allele-specific expression, and to study genome-wide selective sweeps. An indicus-specific extra copy of fatty acid desaturase is under positive selection and may contribute to indicine adaptation to heat and drought. MainAbout 10,000 years ago, cattle were domesticated from the aurochs which ranged across Eurasia and North Africa but are now extinct 1 . Modern day cattle belong to two subspecies, the humped zebu or indicine breeds (Bos taurus indicus) and the humpless taurine breeds (Bos taurus taurus), which arose from independent domestication events of genetically distinct aurochs populations 2 .During the last century, taurine breeds have been intensively selected for production traits, particularly milk and/or meat yield and quality, and generally have higher fertility than indicine breeds. European taurine breeds, such as Angus, have excellent carcass and meat quality, high fertility, and reach puberty early. These breeds have been imported by farmers around the world to improve or replace less-productive breeds. However, while European taurine animals are well adapted to temperate environments, they do not thrive and perform in hot, humid tropical environments with high disease and parasite burden.Indicine breeds originate from the Indus valley and later spread to Africa and across southeast Asia 3 . Between 1854 and 1926, the four indicine breeds, Ongole, Krishna, Gir and Gujarat, were imported into the United States and crossed with European taurine cattle to create the Brahman breed. Current US Brahman cattle retain ~10% of their genome of taurine origin 4 . Brahman have short, thick, glossy coat that reflects sunlight and loose skin that increases the body surface area exposed for cooling. While the Brahman are less productive and have lower fertility than taurine breeds, they have desirable traits, such as heat tolerance, and lower susceptibility to parasites such as ticks, and are disease and drought resistant 5 .We previously demonstrated a novel trio binning approach to assemble haplotypes of diploid individuals at the contig level. The quality of the contigs exceeded those of the best livestock reference genomes 6 . Here we present chromosome-level taurine (Angus) and indicine (Brahman) cattle ge...

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A polymorphism in the fatty acid desaturase-2 gene is associated with the arachidonic acid metabolism in pigs

Cited by 66 publications

References 30 publications

Identification of strong candidate genes for backfat and intramuscular fatty acid composition in three crosses based on the Iberian pig

Identification of strong candidate genes for backfat and intramuscular fatty acid composition in three crosses based on the Iberian pig

The effect of polymorphism in the <i>FADS2</i> gene on the fatty acid composition of bovine milk

Haplotype-Resolved Cattle Genomes Provide Insights Into Structural Variation and Adaptation

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A polymorphism in the fatty acid desaturase-2 gene is associated with the arachidonic acid metabolism in pigs

Cited by 66 publications

References 30 publications

Identification of strong candidate genes for backfat and intramuscular fatty acid composition in three crosses based on the Iberian pig

Identification of strong candidate genes for backfat and intramuscular fatty acid composition in three crosses based on the Iberian pig

The effect of polymorphism in the &lt;i&gt;FADS2&lt;/i&gt; gene on the fatty acid composition of bovine milk

Haplotype-Resolved Cattle Genomes Provide Insights Into Structural Variation and Adaptation

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The effect of polymorphism in the <i>FADS2</i> gene on the fatty acid composition of bovine milk