A population-based estimate of the burden of diarrhoeal illness in the United States: FoodNet, 1996–7

Herikstad, Hallgeir; Yang, Samantha; Gilder, Thomas J. Van; Vugia, Duc J.; Hadler, James L.; Blake, Paul A.; Deneen, Valerie; Shiferaw, Beletshachew; Angulo, Frederick J.

doi:10.1017/s0950268801006628

Cited by 141 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…After adjusting for the effects of age, gender, and season, individuals living in CH continued to have a lower overall risk than individuals in SC. Rural residents have been shown to have a higher risk of acute gastrointestinal illness than urban residents (9), although others have found either no association (5-7), or an increased risk associated with urban living (2). Additionally, CH has a slightly older population than the other sentinel sites (Table 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Burden of Self-reported Acute Gastrointestinal Illness in Cuba

Prieto¹,

Finley

Muchaal

et al. 2009

J Health Popul Nutr

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Acute gastrointestinal illness is an important public-health issue worldwide. Burden-of-illness studies have not previously been conducted in Cuba. The objective of the study was to determine the magnitude, distribution, and burden of self-reported acute gastrointestinal illness in Cuba. A retrospective, cross-sectional survey was conducted in three sentinel sites during June-July 2005 (rainy season) and during November 2005-January 2006 (dry season). Households were randomly selected from a list maintained by the medical offices in each site. One individual per household was selected to complete a questionnaire in a face-to-face interview. The case definition was three or more bouts of loose stools in a 24-hour period within the last 30 days. In total, 97.3% of 6,576 interviews were completed. The overall prevalence of acute gastrointestinal illness was 10.6%. The risk of acute gastrointestinal illness was higher during the rainy season (odds ratio [OR]=3.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.18-4.66) in children (OR=3.12, 95% CI 2.24-4.36) and teens (OR=2.27, 95% CI 1.51-3.41) compared to people aged 25-54 years, in males (OR=1.24, 95% CI 1.04-1.47), and in the municipality of Santiago de Cuba (OR=1.33, 95% CI 1.11-1.61). Of 680 cases, 17.1-38.1% visited a physician, depending on sentinel site. Of the cases who visited a physician, 33.3-53.9% were requested to submit a stool sample, and of those, 72.7-100.0% complied. Of the cases who sought medical care, 16.7-61.5% and 0-31.6% were treated with antidiarrhoeals and antibiotics respectively. Acute gastrointestinal illness represented a substantial burden of health compared to developed countries. Targeting the identified risk factors when allocating resources for education, food safety, and infrastructure might lower the morbidity associated with acute gastrointestinal illness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In developed countries, estimates of monthly prevalence range from 4.5% to 11% (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Although illness is typically mild and self-limiting, acute gastrointestinal illness imposes a substantial economic burden to the population and healthcare system (3)(4)(5)9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burden of Self-reported Acute Gastrointestinal Illness in Cuba

Prieto¹,

Finley

Muchaal

et al. 2009

J Health Popul Nutr

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“…The methodology for community surveys has improved over the years and a common case definition was established to ensure international comparability [1][2][3]. These efforts resulted in cross-sectional studies for estimates for the burden of AGI from various countries [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and additionally a few population-based cohort studies [19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute gastrointestinal illness in adults in Germany: a population-based telephone survey

et al. 2013

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SUMMARYPopulation-based estimates of incidence and risk factors for acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) are important for infectious disease surveillance and healthcare planning. We conducted a nationwide representative cross-sectional telephone survey of 21 262 adults over a 12-month period during 2008-2009 in Germany. Participants were asked if they had either AGI-related diarrhoea or vomiting in a 4-week recall period. We estimated 0·95 episodes/person per year (95% confidence interval 0·90-0·99), corresponding to 64·9 million episodes of AGI annually in adults, which results in 24·5 million outpatient visits, 19·9 million hospital days and 63·2 million days of work lost. We observed an overall declining trend of AGI with increasing age. Diarrhoea was more often reported than vomiting. The mean duration of illness was 3·8 days and did not differ between age groups. Social factors seemed to be weak predictors compared to state of health and health behaviour characteristics. This study allows international comparisons and contributes to the estimation of the global burden of AGI.

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“…For example, in the United States, it is estimated that there are between 211 and 375 million episodes of acute diarrhea each year, and such episodes are responsible for more than 900,000 hospitalizations and 6,000 deaths annually (18,21). Stool specimens from patients with acute diarrheal illnesses, particularly with systemic illness, fever, or bloody stools, are routinely cultured for enteric bacterial pathogens.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mass Spectrometry Biotyper System Identifies Enteric Bacterial Pathogens Directly from Colonies Grown on Selective Stool Culture Media

et al. 2010

J Clin Microbiol

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We evaluated the performance and cost-effectiveness of a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization timeof-flight mass spectrometry-based Biotyper system for the routine identification of common enteric bacterial pathogens seen in middle Tennessee from suspicious colonies grown on selective stool culture media. A total of 304 suspicious colonies were selected and further identified from 605 stool specimens. The suspicious colonies were analyzed by the Biotyper system, and the results were compared to those from routine phenotypic methods, which identified 22 Salmonella species, 39 Shigella species, 3 enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) isolates, 2 Yersinia enterocolitica isolates, 2 Campylobacter species, and 236 gastrointestinal normal flora isolates. The Biotyper system correctly identified the Salmonella species, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Campylobacter species but failed to distinguish the Shigella species and EHEC isolates from E. coli. Among the 236 normal flora isolates, 233 (98.7%) and 228 (96.6%) agreed at the genus and species levels, respectively, between the phenotypic and Biotyper methods. Organism identification scores were insignificantly different between colonies directly from selective media and subsequently from pure subculture. The entire Biotyper identification procedure, from smear preparation to final result reporting, can be completed within 30 min. The Biotyper system provides a rapid and simple screening tool for identifying many, but not all, suspicious colonies grown on selective media within 24 h after inoculation, which shortens test turnaround time by 2 to 3 days.

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A population-based estimate of the burden of diarrhoeal illness in the United States: FoodNet, 1996–7

Cited by 141 publications

References 13 publications

Burden of Self-reported Acute Gastrointestinal Illness in Cuba

Burden of Self-reported Acute Gastrointestinal Illness in Cuba

Acute gastrointestinal illness in adults in Germany: a population-based telephone survey

Mass Spectrometry Biotyper System Identifies Enteric Bacterial Pathogens Directly from Colonies Grown on Selective Stool Culture Media

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