A Porcine Aerosol Infection Model for Studying Dose Dependent Effects Caused by<i>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</i>Bacteria

Hensel, Andreas; Windt, H.; Stockhofe-Zurwieden, Norbert; Lödding, H.; Koch, Wolfgang; Petzoldt, K

doi:10.1089/jam.1993.6.73

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…These animals were lavaged 1 week after infection and were killed afterward. The immunization (oral dose, 1011 bacteria; by aerosol, 107 bacteria, either viable or inactivated by irradiation with 500 Gy) was described previously [9,11]. BAL was performed according to the technique described by Klech and Pohl [14].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lymphocyte subsets in bronchoalveolar lavage after exposure to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in pigs previously immunized orally or by aerosol

Pabst

Delventhal

Gebert

et al. 1995

Lung

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Young pigs were immunized with the lung-pathogenic bacterium Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae by aerosol or orally using viable and inactivated bacteria. The cellular changes in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were studied in repeated lavages after the pigs were infected with live bacteria. The nucleated cells in the BAL were differentiated and lymphocyte subsets determined. There were no major differences between the two routes of immunization or between viable and inactivated bacteria. The immunization induced an increase in all lymphocyte subsets studied and in the appearance of plasma cells and lymphoid blasts. The infection did not cause a further increase except in granulocytes. The lack of a booster-type increase in lymphocytes in the BAL might indicate a different immunologic reaction of the lung or that lymphocytes of the BAL do not represent lung lymphocytes in general. The protective effect of the immunization might be deduced from the increase in lymphocytes after immunization but not from the reaction pattern after infection.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in the 5th week after the initial lavage) BAL was performed again in all groups. After this lavage all previously immunized pigs were infected by aerosol with 108 viable APP, using a specially developed computer-controlled nose-only aerosol exposure system for pigs [11]. At 1, 2, and 3 weeks after infection (i.e.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphocyte subsets in bronchoalveolar lavage after exposure to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in pigs previously immunized orally or by aerosol

Pabst

Delventhal

Gebert

et al. 1995

Lung

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“…The bacterial aerosol dose we used for the present study was taken from a preliminary dose-dependent sludy [18]. The determination of infectious doses of bacterial aerosols is difFicuH, and mainly dependent on the experimental setup and the sampling methods for airborne microorganisms [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Defined dose-dependent aerosol applieation was perlbrmed by a computer-controlled nose-only exposure based on individual respiratory volumes of the animals, as described previously [18]. Aerosols from freeze-dricd bacteria were generated using a rotating brush powder generator and compressed dry air.…”

Section: Aerosol Immunizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CP antigen was extracted from A. plcuropticumoniae eultures and purified by the melhod of Inzana [24]. Pooled positive reference sera and lung washing samples were obtained from two convalescent pigs from a previous study [18], which were infected by an aerosol of 10* CFU of A. pleuropneumoniae strain CVI 13261. Negative sera and BALF were obtained from non-infected pigs of the same breeding herd.…”

Section: Eusamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral and aerosol immunization with viable or inactivatedActinobacillus pleuropneumoniaebacteria: antibody response to capsular polysaccharides in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) and sera of pigs

Hensel

Pabst

Bunka

et al. 1994

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYTo investigate the aniibody response after local application of lung-pathogenic bacteria, pigs were immunized with viable or inactivated Actinohacillus pteuropneumomae by the oral and aerogcnous route. Afler 3 weeks class-specific immunoglobulins againsl purified A. pleuropneumoniae capsular polysaccharides (CP) were determined in scrum and BALF by ELISA. A significant increase of IgA antibodies was found in BALF but nol in sera of all iminuni7x;d pigs. Oral immunizalion with viable A. pteuropncurnoriicw and aerosol immunization with either viable or inactivated bacteria resulted in a significant increase of IgG antibodies to Ihe CP anligen in BALF. whereas only aerosol exposure lo viable bacteria resulted in a significant increase in IgG antibodies in serum. A significant increase in anti-CP IgM in BALF was observed after aerosol exposure bul not after oral immunization. IgM antibodies towards CP increased significantly by both routes of immunization with viable bacteria. The anti-CP activity of all three isolypesin sera and BALF was low in all groups compared with the positive controls, although inoculation of viable A. pleuropneumoniae led to higher levels of antibody concentration than inactivated bacteria. Our results indicate a traffic of primed lymphocytes from Ihe gut into the bronchoalveoiar airways and further support the hypothesis that polysaccharidc-specific B cells may functionally tnature at the mucosal surfaces.

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The immune system of the respiratory tract in pigs

Pabst

Binns

1994

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

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A Porcine Aerosol Infection Model for Studying Dose Dependent Effects Caused byActinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeBacteria

Cited by 24 publications

References 24 publications

Lymphocyte subsets in bronchoalveolar lavage after exposure to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in pigs previously immunized orally or by aerosol

Lymphocyte subsets in bronchoalveolar lavage after exposure to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in pigs previously immunized orally or by aerosol

Oral and aerosol immunization with viable or inactivatedActinobacillus pleuropneumoniaebacteria: antibody response to capsular polysaccharides in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) and sera of pigs

The immune system of the respiratory tract in pigs

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