A Porous Metal–Organic Framework as an Electrochemical Sensing Platform for Highly Selective Adsorption and Detection of Bisphenols

Abstract

The design of artificial receptors with a specific recognition function and enhanced selectivity is highly desirable in the electrochemical sensing field, which can be used for detection of environmental pollutants. In this facet, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) featured adjustable porosities and specific host-guest recognition properties. Especially, the large hydrophobic cavity formed in the porous MOFs may become a potential artificial receptor. We herein designed a new porous MOF [Zn2(L)­(IPA)­(H2O)]·2DMF·2MeOH·3H2O (Zn-L-IPA) by using a functionalized sulfonylcalix[4]­arene (L 1 ) and isophthalic acid (H2IPA) (DMF = N,N′-dimethylformamide). The specific pore size and pore shape of Zn-L-IPA made it efficiently selective for absorption of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol F (BPF), and bisphenol S (BPS). Therefore, a rapid, highly selective, and ultrasensitive electrochemical sensing platform Zn-L-IPA@GP/GCE was fabricated by using Zn-L-IPA as a host to recognize and absorb bisphenol guests (GP = graphite powder, GCE = glassy carbon electrode). Most strikingly, the extremely low detection limits were up to 3.46 and 0.17 nM for BPA and BPF, respectively, using the Zn-L-IPA@GP/GCE electrode. Furthermore, the “recognition and adsorption” mechanism was uncovered by density functional theory with the B3LYP function. This work offered a prospective strategy for selective absorption and detection of harmful bisphenols with the MOF-based porous material.

{P4Mo6}-Based Complex Modified by Graphite Applied in Electrochemical Ultra-trace Detection of Nitro-antibiotics under Strongly Acidic Conditions

“…The characteristic peak of GP can be observed at 26.4°, and it is derived from the plane 002 of the GP. 18,19 The peak of the 1/GP-2.6 composite in the PXRD is identified with the experimental results, indicating structural integrity. The morphologies of these materials were characterized using SEM.…”

“…The PXRD patterns of compound 1 , GP, and the 1 /GP-2.6 composite are illustrated in Figure b, and the PXRD pattern of synthesized compound 1 corresponds to the simulated one, showing the high crystallinity and phase purities. The characteristic peak of GP can be observed at 26.4°, and it is derived from the plane 002 of the GP. , The peak of the 1 /GP-2.6 composite in the PXRD is identified with the experimental results, indicating structural integrity.…”

Single‐Atom Materials as Electrochemical Sensors: Sensitivity, Selectivity, and Stability

“…So far, a few of them have been synthesized and demonstrated to be high-performance sensors, as readily summarized in many reviews. [36][37][38][39][40][41] The metal nodes are generally transition metals, and several notable examples are FeÀ MOF (representing MOFs with Fe metal node, same below), [42] CoÀ MOF, [43][44] NiÀ MOF, [43,[45][46] CuÀ MOF, [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55] MnÀ MOF, [46] LnÀ MOF, [56] RbÀ MOF, [57] YbÀ MOF, [58] ZnÀ MOF, [43,[59][60][61] and ZrÀ MOF. [46] The immediate benefit of using MOFs as electrochemical sensors is that the metal nodes themselves can act directly as the electrocatalytically active sites for sensing.…”

Graphitic Carbon-Coated PtCoNi Alloys Supported on N-Doped Porous Carbon Nanoflakes for Sensitive Detection of Bisphenol A

“…11,12 In contrast, the electrochemical method is considered as a feasible way to detect BPA with advantages of simple preparation, high sensitivity and selectivity, as well as obvious robustness. 13,14 BPA has two electroactive phenolic hydroxyls, 15 which shows the possibility and feasibility for electrochemical detection of BPA. Recently, various electrode materials were fabricated for the quantitative determination of BPA, such as a polymer with a metal complex and metal oxides.…”