A Possibility of Urban Mining in Japan

Harada, Kaoru; Ijima, Kiyoshi; Shimada, M.; Katagiri, Nozomu

doi:10.2320/jinstmet.73.151

Cited by 41 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…There are several worldwide changes underway that are likely to make resource extraction from alternative sources a more and more viable option such as rapidly growing competition for resources, increasing raw material prices, the large-scale environmental problems We now face and the fact that the natural reservoirs for many valuable resources are rapidly declining [8,9]. At the same time, several studies belonging to the research field of industrial ecology show that in many regions of the world massive amounts of strategically important materials such as metals have accumulated in landfills [10,11,12].…”

Section: Criticality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considerations about recovery of critical metals using bio-metallurgy

Gherghe

2017

E3S Web Conf.

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Abstract. The increased requirement of critical metals due to green technologies needs, together with the geopolitical environment to ensure these metals, has entailed decisive measures to avoid current supply insecurities in each country. These metals are essential to the products and services made and used daily, and contribute to sustaining and growing the economy. Thus, sustainable approaches from technological, environmental, economic and social point of view are needed to recover these metals from different resources. By using resources more efficiently, innovating in the concept of circular economy, it can be assure re-using, re-manufacturing or recycling of valuable materials. In this paper are presented some considerations related to using the waste dumps as potential resources to obtain critical metals by biometallurgical processes.

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Section: Criticality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considerations about recovery of critical metals using bio-metallurgy

Gherghe

2017

E3S Web Conf.

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“…In the case of Au, the amount that we can understand is the yearly amount that is used as inputs in the industrial sector such as the electronics industry that is derived from census of manufacturers, material flow analysis, and so on. Halada et al [18] obtained data on the amount of parts and final products exported from Trade Statistics of Japan. Thus, it has become possible to estimate the amount of metal contained in exported products by combining these two types of data sources.…”

Section: Domestic Stock Estimation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fortunately, the content of metal in products in the same industrial sector is similar because of the same aim of utilization of the metal. Halada et al [18] joined I/O analysis and material flow analysis to estimate the metals in products, in order to estimate the domestic accumulated potential of urban mine. In the case of Au, the amount that we can understand is the yearly amount that is used as inputs in the industrial sector such as the electronics industry that is derived from census of manufacturers, material flow analysis, and so on.…”

Section: Domestic Stock Estimation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Urban Mine

Nakamura

Halada

2014

Urban Mining Systems

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The potential of urban mining is getting greater. From the global view, the potential of urban mining, namely the estimated amount of on-surface stock which has been mine form the geo-sphere into the techno-sphere, is comparative to natural resource which is still in geo-sphere as underground stock. However, practical recycling of metals are still in the stage of developing, and depending on the country. As an example, ultimate potential of urban mine in Japan was estimated. The differences between input of each metal contents and output of it were considered to be accumulated. I/O method was combined to estimate the metal contents in exported products. Japan, which is considered a typical exporter of materials, has great potential of urban mining which comes from domestic demand of products. However, real activity of development of urban mine, namely recycling, is not so effective, especially for minor metals which sometime called rare metals from the viewpoint of the importance in industries. We need to develop the technology and system for urban mining, just now.Keywords Consumption of metals · On-surface stock · Recycling rate · Lifecycle · End-of life flow · Accumulation of metals

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“…Halada et al, 2009;Krook et al, 2011;Brunner, 2011;Cossu, 2013;Lederer et al, 2014;Nakamura & Halada, 2015). The core of this concept is that secondary metal stocks in urban locations constitute a potential alternative resource base in comparison to mountainous ores, and might plausibly be recovered for the benefit of the environment (UNEP 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The economic conditions for urban infrastructure mining: Using GIS to prospect hibernating copper stocks

Wallsten

Magnusson

Krook

2015

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

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In this article, we suggest a methodology that combines Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and material flow analysis (MFA) into a secondary reserve-prospecting tool. The approach is two-phased and couples spatially informed size estimates of urban metal stocks (phase 1) to the equally spatially contingent efforts required to extract them (phase 2). Too often, even the most advanced MFA assessments stop at the first of these two phases, meaning that essential information needed to facilitate resource recovery, i.e. urban mining, is missing from their results. To take MFA one step further, our approach is characterized by a high resolution that connects the analysis of the stock to the social practices that arrange material flows in the city, thereby enabling an assessment of the economic conditions for secondary resource recovery. To exemplify, we provide a case study of the hibernation stock of copper found in disconnected power cables in Linköping, Sweden. Since 1970, 123 tonnes of copper or ≈1 kg per person have accumulated underneath the city, predominantly in old, central parts of the city and industrial areas. While shorter cables are more numerous than long ones, the longer ones contribute to a larger share of the stock weight. Resource recovery in specific projects reliant on digging comes at great costs, but integrating it as an added value to ordinary maintenance operations render eight locations and 2.2 tonnes of copper (2% of the stock) profitable to extract. Compared to the budget sizes of regular maintenance projects, a significant share of the stock comes with relatively small economic losses. Therefore, we suggest integrated resource recovery and regular maintenance as an interesting environmental measure for any infrastructure provider to engage with. 2

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A Possibility of Urban Mining in Japan

Cited by 41 publications

References 2 publications

Considerations about recovery of critical metals using bio-metallurgy

Considerations about recovery of critical metals using bio-metallurgy

Potential of Urban Mine

The economic conditions for urban infrastructure mining: Using GIS to prospect hibernating copper stocks

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