A power dispatch model for a ferrochrome plant heat recovery cogeneration system

Zhang, Lijun; Chennells, Michael; Xia, Xiaohua

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.08.019

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Ferrochrome smelting in South Africa uses a lot of electric energy, and so the industry needs to look at selfgenerated power to save costs and to reduce its carbon footprint. The world is in crisis: the demand for electricity continuously increases, but the generation capacity cannot meet the demand [12]. These authors suggest that the recovery of waste energy is of utmost importance to mitigate the energy crisis; and an opportunity to do this is present in the ferrochrome processing industry in the form of, off-gas thermal energy that is generated by the process.…”

Section: Energy Generation Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of a Technology Roadmap for Ferrochrome Producers

Letaba

Zulu

2021

SAJIE

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A 30-year technology roadmap for the South African ferrochrome industry is developed to address the increasing cost of electricity and competition from China. Research on possible technologies and their applicability in ferrochrome smelting is conducted, including Industry 4.0 technologies. The developed roadmap has three phases, with full-scale digitisation deferred to the second phase. The first phase addresses the stabilisation of the industry through the introduction of alternative energy sources. The last phase of the ferrochrome industry roadmap is sustainability, which builds on the successes of previous phases. This research contributes to methods the responsible introduction of Industry 4.0 technologies in industries with existing underlying challenges. The purpose of this article is to present a technology roadmap for ferrochrome producers in South Africa as chosen by the ferrochrome industry players.

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Section: Energy Generation Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of a Technology Roadmap for Ferrochrome Producers

Letaba

Zulu

2021

SAJIE

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“…A waste-heat boiler which produces hot water or steam is one of the most commonly proposed and applied solutions. Water steam can be used for operating steam turbines combined with electric generators [9,10]. Electrical energy production in a turbine set with water steam requires the use of appropriately treated water which must be systematically replenished.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Temperature Recuperators Cooperating with a Metallurgical Furnace for Heating the Air Under Pressure

2022

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In this paper, a system which uses hot furnace gases from a metallurgical process to heat compressed air necessary for another energy process is presented. The applied construction of the recuperator ensures high temperatures of the heated air needed for its utilisation in a separate process. Their levels depend on the processes in the reactor. A limitation to the construction of the installation is creep resistance of the materials used to assemble the recuperator modules which operate under high-temperature regimes. The well-prepared gas dynamic design of the recuperator ensured low pressure loss for the flowing air. Furnace gases leaving the recuperation system still have a high energy potential which can be utilised. As it is not possible to manage such large amounts of additional energy, the problem will be solved in the future when necessary.

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“…By recovering and using the heat previously wasted from the waste gases from the internal smelting process of the facility, the cogeneration system is introduced to generate electricity to supply the demand for electricity on site and feed back into the grid when necessary and beneficial. The heat recovery process for power generation is modeled and the optimal dispatch of energy between the loads on site and the public grid is formulated as an economic power dispatch (EPD) problem, which seeks to maximize the economic benefits of the plant by minimizing the cost of purchasing electricity from the company and maximizing the revenue from selling the generated electricity to the grid [15]. Considering the previous contextualization, a theoretical study of the ideal simple, regenerative and cogenerative Rankine cycle using Powercycle® software was carried out in this work, in order to verify the set of operational parameters that influence the output power of a power generation installation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Theoretical Modeling of Power Cycles Using an Interactive Computational Tool

Forero¹,

Ochoa²,

Barrios³

2018

IJET

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One of the areas of greatest interest in engineering is the conversion of heat into useful work because society consumes large amounts of energy. In this paper, a theoretical study of the simple Rankine cycle, regenerative and cogeneration is presented, to verify the set of operational parameters that allow maximizing the output power of a power generation facility. For the theoretical modeling, the Powercycle® software was used, which can predict the output conditions of a Rankine power cycle depending on the configuration, input values and pressure in the boiler. With the purpose to verify the results obtained with regeneration and cogeneration, a comparison was made of the results obtained with a simple Rankine cycle. It was determined that, with the increase of the temperature and the pressure at the entrance of the turbine, the efficiency of the cycles increases. Note that an increase in temperature means more heat entering the process, but the delta of work in this case is greater, while it was verified that the Powercycle® computational tool allows optimizing the performance of Rankine cycles under different operating configurations. Keywords-Cycle, Efficiency, Model, Rankine, Simulation I. INTRODUCTION A power cycle is a thermodynamic cycle in which heat is converted into work. There are different types of cycles depending on the working fluid, heat transfer mode and operational variables. In the case of steam power cycles, the working fluid is water, which changes from liquid phase to vapor phase depending on the analysis point in the installation. The continuous improvement of power generating systems has led to some innovative modifications in the Rankine basic power cycle [1]-[2]-[3], in order to increase the thermal efficiency of power generating systems[4]-[5]-[6]. In recent years these improvements have been focused on different fronts. Recently, many studies have focused on the application of the Rankine cycle (RC) to recover low quality waste heat. According to Zhou On-road vehicles, which convert about a third of the fuel energy into mechanical energy useful for propulsion, are moving energy conversion systems that generate considerable waste heat. This paper identifies the characteristics of the waste heat sources found in vehicles and the restrictions placed on the automotive RC application. Rankine's cycle architectures, system components and working fluids suitable for different applications are summarized, providing guidance for the future design of the RC system in automobiles[7]. Hofmann and Tsatsaronis describes an analysis of a binary and a conventional Rankine cycle for a coal-fired power plant. The main question asked in this research is whether it is possible to compensate the higher expected capital investment associated with additional components for lower fuel consumption during operation. The exergoeconomic comparative analysis shows that the concept of a binary Rankine cycle is suitable for reducing fuel and emissions and economically viable[8]. The Rankine cycle is considered t...

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A power dispatch model for a ferrochrome plant heat recovery cogeneration system

Cited by 9 publications

References 41 publications

The Development of a Technology Roadmap for Ferrochrome Producers

The Development of a Technology Roadmap for Ferrochrome Producers

High Temperature Recuperators Cooperating with a Metallurgical Furnace for Heating the Air Under Pressure

Theoretical Modeling of Power Cycles Using an Interactive Computational Tool

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