A Practical Analytical Approach to Increase Confidence in PLD-Based Systems Safety Analysis

Neto, Antonio Vieira da Silva; Vismari, Lúcio F.; Gimenes, Ricardo Alexandre Veiga; Sesso, Daniel Baraldi; Almeida, Jorge Rady de; Cugnasca, Paulo Sérgio; Camargo, João Batista

doi:10.1109/jsyst.2017.2726178

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Since fault tolerance deals with detecting random hardware faults and mitigating them to prevent the impacts of Single-Event Upsets (SEUs), the techniques for this purpose are not directly affected by whether AI is utilized. As a result, the recommended practices for pre-existing safety-critical systems with FPGAs and PLDs still hold [31,62]. If HLS is used, manual changes to the HDL-generated code might be needed, since HLS tools might not support the native coding of fault tolerance directives.…”

Section: Safety Artist Specificities For Safety-critical Design With ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ensuring that timing restrictions have been observed in pessimistic environmental conditions in such a way as to prevent metastable behaviors [31,62]. This can be achieved by means of timing analyses (e.g., maximum clock frequency constraints) available in FPGA/PLD development suites, such as Intel Quartus Prime [63]; 2.…”

Section: Safety Artist Specificities For Safety-critical Design With ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Disabling automatic optimizations during compilation, synthesis, and routing in order to ensure that the fault-tolerant design introduced in HDL coding is not eliminated to improve performance [31]; 3.…”

Section: Safety Artist Specificities For Safety-critical Design With ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Internet of Things (IoT) era, safety-critical systems have also been growingly more distributed and based on embedded modules [13][14][15], such as those used in the control functions of Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) [25][26][27], and in a new generation of distributed Communication-Based Train Control (CBTC) systems for metro and railway signaling [28,29]. Furthermore, the increased flexibility and processing capability provided by recent Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) and other Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs) allows these elements to play an even more important role in cutting-edge safety-critical systems than today [30,31] while keeping design costs reasonable for achieving the needed efficiency and performance levels [32,33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and Assurance of Safety-Critical Systems with Artificial Intelligence in FPGAs: The Safety ArtISt Method and a Case Study of an FPGA-Based Autonomous Vehicle Braking Control System

Silva Neto,

Silva,

Camargo

et al. 2023

Electronics

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With the advancements in utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) in embedded safety-critical systems based on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), assuring that these systems meet their safety requirements is of paramount importance for their revenue service. Based on this context, this paper has two main objectives. The first of them is to present the Safety ArtISt method, developed by the authors to guide the lifecycle of AI-based safety-critical systems, and emphasize its FPGA-oriented tasks and recommended practice towards safety assurance. The second one is to illustrate the application of Safety ArtISt with an FPGA-based braking control system for autonomous vehicles relying on explainable AI generated with High-Level Synthesis. The results indicate that Safety ArtISt played four main roles in the safety lifecycle of AI-based systems for FPGAs. Firstly, it provided guidance in identifying the safety-critical role of activities such as sensitivity analyses for numeric representation and FPGA dimensioning to achieve safety. Furthermore, it allowed building qualitative and quantitative safety arguments from analyses and physical experimentation with actual FPGAs. It also allowed the early detection of safety issues—thus reducing project costs—and, ultimately, it uncovered relevant challenges not discussed in detail when designing safety-critical, explainable AI for FPGAs.

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Section: Safety Artist Specificities For Safety-critical Design With ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Safety Artist Specificities For Safety-critical Design With ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Safety Artist Specificities For Safety-critical Design With ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Design and Assurance of Safety-Critical Systems with Artificial Intelligence in FPGAs: The Safety ArtISt Method and a Case Study of an FPGA-Based Autonomous Vehicle Braking Control System

Silva Neto,

Silva,

Camargo

et al. 2023

Electronics

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“…It contains the information on the operation of the system from the viewpoint of reliability [12]. Every matrix line is a vector, the components of which are the indicators of the state, in which each element remains, when the system itself is in state n. The element can be present only in two states: operating or restoring, it can also be found in a standby state, which can be caused by different reasons [13].…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Algorithms and Software Suite for Reliability Assessment of Complex Technical Systems

Yakovyna

Seniv

Symets

et al. 2020

RIC

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Context. One of the most essential properties of technical systems is their reliability, i.e. the ability of the system to perform intended functions, preserving with time the values of operation indicators within the predefined boundaries. The failure cost for modern complex technical system can be very high, which can result in events of different severity ranging from economic losses to harm to human life and health. Hence, the requirements for their reliability constantly increase. The reliability assessment of complex technical systems can be simplified by the combination of analytical research methods with computational capabilities of modern computers. The most widely used analytical methods are based on the theory of Markov processes which in turn provide the possibility to determine the time dependencies of probabilities of the system to be in defined states (operating, recovering, failure etc.), and thus the values and time dependencies of the reliability indices needed. These methods can be successfully used for the reliability analysis of different kinds of technical systems: both non-recovered and recovered; non-redundant and redundant of different redundancy types, maintenance priorities etc. However, the application of these methods for complex technical systems containing large number of elements meets the high dimensional calculation problem, which makes it impossible to perform these tasks manually. Hence the problem of automation of complex technical system reliability modeling using modern computational systems is very relevant research topic. To solve this problem, one can use specific algorithmic and software techniques described in this paper.Objective. The goal of this article is to develop the algorithms for automated RBD processing and reliability indices assessment of complex technical systems along with the software suite for automated reliability assessment.Method. To perform the reliability analysis the RBD approach is used which allows one to represent and visualize each element of the system in the form of a rectangle, joined by the lines in parallel or in series with other elements of the system. To obtain the reliability indices values the mathematical model of technical system reliability behavior using Markovian random process was suggested. The algorithm of RBD processing and automatic determination of operability conditions of a technical system was further considered. To calculate the minimum and maximum number of operational and failure states for the system of n elements and r recoveries the paper introduces a mathematical model based on combinatorial approach. To develop the software suite the objectoriented approach was used.Results. The algorithms and software suite allows us to easily construct RBD for a technical system, to automatically determine the operability condition with execution time of about 10 sec for 1,000 elements with mixed type of connection, to form automatically a state-and-transition matrix along with the corresponding differential equation system an...

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Code Reviews, Software Inspections, and Code Walkthroughs: Systematic Mapping Study of Research Topics

Fronza

Hellas

Ihantola

et al. 2019

Software Quality: Quality Intelligence in Software and Systems Engineering

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A Practical Analytical Approach to Increase Confidence in PLD-Based Systems Safety Analysis

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Design and Assurance of Safety-Critical Systems with Artificial Intelligence in FPGAs: The Safety ArtISt Method and a Case Study of an FPGA-Based Autonomous Vehicle Braking Control System

Design and Assurance of Safety-Critical Systems with Artificial Intelligence in FPGAs: The Safety ArtISt Method and a Case Study of an FPGA-Based Autonomous Vehicle Braking Control System

Algorithms and Software Suite for Reliability Assessment of Complex Technical Systems

Code Reviews, Software Inspections, and Code Walkthroughs: Systematic Mapping Study of Research Topics

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