A Preamble Ahead Anycast Protocol for WSNs

Heimfarth, Tales; Giacomin, João Carlos; Araujo, João Paulo de; Freitas, Edison Pignaton de

doi:10.1109/aina.2016.125

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Regarding single-channel MAC protocols, authors in literature 4,5 proposed preamble ahead anycast MAC protocol to mitigate the sleeping period by selecting the next hope node from a group of possible nodes called Forwarding Candidate set (FCS) that wakes up earlier instead of fixed next hope.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multichannel preamble sampling MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks

Alahmadi

Bouabdallah

2019

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

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In this article, a multichannel preamble sampling MAC protocol, MCPS, especially tailored for wireless sensor networks, is proposed and thoroughly evaluated. MCPS is a low-power MAC protocol operating on multichannel using carrier sensing for collision avoidance. Specifically, MCPS exploits all the non-overlapping channels provided by IEEE 802.15.4 physical layer. Basically, MCPS uses one dedicated common control channel to wake up an intended receiver using a preamble sampling technique. However, data transmission takes place in a dedicated data channel. Indeed, MCPS allocates to every pair of sensor nodes a unique data channel that aims at being 2-hop conflict free. Hence, the probability of collision is highly reduced and even completely mitigated in some scenarios. Moreover, MCPS allows each sensor node to dynamically adjust its transmission power when sending strobed preamble or periodically generated data. Indeed, for each possible distance separating a pair of communicating nodes, MCPS adapts the appropriate transmission power and selects the appropriate data channel. Using multiple channels, MCPS allows multiple simultaneous data communications along with handshaking on the common control channel, hence reducing the end-to-end delay and improving the throughput while being energy efficient. MCPS has been implemented using OMNET++ simulator under INET framework, on top of the IEEE 802.15.4 physical layer, which was improved to support the multichannel communication. The authors compare the performance of MCPS with McMAC and X-MAC. Simulation results show that MCPS greatly improves the network performance especially in terms of throughput, waiting time, end-to-end delay, and energy per bit.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multichannel preamble sampling MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks

Alahmadi

Bouabdallah

2019

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

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“…The seminal ideas of this protocol were first introduced in [21]. The published article was an incomplete initial proposal since parameters of the protocol were selected empirically, collisions were not handled properly and the evaluation performed was not extensive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PAX-MAC: A Low Latency Anycast Protocol with Advanced Preamble

Heimfarth

Giacomin

Freitas

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Wireless sensor networks employ duty-cycles to save energy, with the cost of enlargement of end-to-end latency. Cross-layer protocols that use anycast medium access control achieve latency reduction in asynchronous duty-cycled wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A series of strobed preambles is sent in order to achieve rendezvous with the next relay, selected from a forwarding candidate set (FCS). This paper proposes PAX-MAC: Pramble Ahead Cross-layer Medium Access Control. It is a novel anycast protocol for low latency packet propagation in duty-cycled WSNs. In PAX-MAC, preambles propagate ahead of data packet, prospecting the route towards sink node, while the message is sent some hops later. Simultaneous propagation of preambles and data packets provides latency reduction. The cardinality of FCS determines the average preamble propagation speed, which is lower bounded by data packet propagation speed. Differently from other approaches, our protocol takes the data packet size into account in order to maintain an optimal distance between preamble and data to minimize latency. For determining this distance, a detailed mathematical model is introduced. The performance of several state-of-the-art asynchronous protocols was appraised and compared with PAX-MAC. Our protocol outperforms in latency all other protocols for the simulated scenarios. Its energy expenditure was compatible with the best result among the other protocols. In the worst case, PAX-MAC spent 6 % more energy than the best one for a gain of 20 % in latency.

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