A preliminary correlation between the plio-pleistocene malacofaunas of the Jordan Valley (Israel) and the Orontes Valley (Syria)

Schütt, Hartwig; Ortal, Reuven

doi:10.1080/09397140.1993.10637638

Cited by 16 publications

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“…From Upper Pliocene layers of the Yarmouk outlet Picard (1934; plate 8, figs 15–27) described a fossil species, Melanopsis turriformis , as having a high number of ribs as compared to costata . Later, Schütt & Ortal (1993; plate 2, figs 19, 20) illustrated shells from ‘Ubeidiya which they suggested were M. t. turriformis. No measurements were given for these specimens but they seem to us so similar to costata that we consider them synonyms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No measurements were given for these specimens but they seem to us so similar to costata that we consider them synonyms. In the material of ‘Ubeidiya (layer II‐36) we measured shells labelled by Schütt & Ortal (1993) as turriformis and compared them to shells labelled by them as costata from the same layer. No significant differences were found.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schütt & Ortal (1993; plate 2, figs 21, 22, 23) described a fossil subspecies, M. t. applanata , from ‘Ubeidiya, characterized by partly or totally reduced ribs on the lower whorls, and only traces of extensively flat ribs on the upper ones. The ‘Ubeidiya shells that had weak ribs on the lower whorls form a continuous series that is intermediate between completely smooth buccinoidea on the one hand, and clearly ribbed costata on the other.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From his experience with Recents, he suggested that high frequencies of the ribbed ecotype represented the littoral margin of an open, turbulent lake, whereas high frequencies of the smooth ecotype represented a swampy area (see also Bar‐Yosef & Tchernov, 1972). More recently Schütt & Ortal (1993) suggested an additional species, Melanopsis turriformis Picard, as occurring in ‘Ubeidiya; and they split turriformis Picard into a nominate subspecies t. turriformis and a new subspecies, t. applanata . They also split obediensis , into o. obediensis and o. coroniformis Picard.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Melanopsis from the Pleistocene site of ’Ubeidiya, Jordan Valley: direct evidence of early hybridization (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea)

Heller

Sivan

2002

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

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’Ubeidiya is a 1.4 Myr‐old Lower‐Pleistocene site in the Jordan Valley. Its rich Melanopsis fauna was found to include five species: buccinoidea, costata, turriformis, phanesiana obediensis and multiformis. These species and their conchiometrics are described. M. buccinoidea and costata occur in the Levant also today whereas turriformis, p. obediensis and multiformis are extinct. These findings suggest considerable faunal connections between the Jordan, the Orontes and perhaps also Rodhos during the lower Pleistocene. During the late Miocene, when the Mediterranean Sea level dropped, coastal‐plain freshwater habitats could have expanded and Melanopsis species could then have invaded the Rift Valley via coastal rivers. In addition they could have reached later, via the Rift Valley. Species frequencies of Melanopsis throughout ‘Ubeidiya suggest three’ Melanopsis landscapes’: an early period dominated by buccinoidea, a later one by costata and an upper one by p. obediensis. It is reasonable to speculate that the buccinoidea landscape represents a spring or perhaps a deep lake with a nearby stream; the costata landscape a shallow, nonturbulent, well‐aerated lake with a slow current; and the p. obediensis landscape a turbulent, well‐aerated lake. Intermediates were found between buccinoidea and costata. Their low frequency and their chrono‐distribution suggest they are hybrids, rather than evolutionary transitions between species. The 1.4 Myr old fossils of ‘Ubeidiya may be the earliest direct evidence of hybridization among molluscs in nature, that is still going on today in the same region and aquatic system, among the same species. The Melanopsis hybrid populations may perhaps act as filters that prevent the introgression of most genes, but allow others to disperse into the range of the parent species. © 2002 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2002, 75, 39–57.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Melanopsis from the Pleistocene site of ’Ubeidiya, Jordan Valley: direct evidence of early hybridization (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea)

Heller

Sivan

2002

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

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“…Extinct species of Viviparidae occur in the Pleistocene coquina beds along the rivers Jordan in Israel and Orontes in Syria (Kinzelbach 1980; Schütt & Ortal 1993). The coquina beds in the Upper Jordan Valley were defined by Picard (1963) as the Viviparus beds of the GBY Formation with the index fossil Viviparus apameae (Blanckenhorn).…”

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Fossil embryos and adult Viviparidae from the Early–Middle Pleistocene of Gesher Benot Ya’aqov, Israel: ecology, longevity and fecundity

Ashkenazi

Klass

Mienis

et al. 2010

LET

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A unique fossil assemblage of the extinct freshwater viviparids Viviparus apameae galileae and Bellamya sp. with intact embryos enabled the assessment of population ecology parameters applied so far only to recent living populations. The assemblage, from the Early Middle Pleistocene site of Gesher Benot Ya'aqov, occurs in the sedimentary sequence above the Matuyama Brunhes Boundary (MB boundary) at 0.78 Ma. This fossil assemblage is related to a shoreline habitat that was affected by desiccation during a sudden drop in water level. In both species, the youngest females with embryos had five or more whorls, with heights of >24.8 and >16.1 mm in Viviparus and Bellamya respectively. Comparison of shell height and width, aperture height and width and the ratio of shell height ⁄ width indicated that females are significantly longer and larger than the shells without embryos. Longevity was estimated as at least 9 years for Viviparus and 8 years for Bellamya and lifetime fecundity of female viviparids was estimated based on longevity and reproductive period. The high number of reproducing females and high number of embryos indicate favourable habitat and climate conditions for both Viviparidae. The fossil Viviparidae from GBY have the characteristics of organisms that are

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Melanopsis from Al-Qarn, Jordan Valley (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea)

2007

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A preliminary correlation between the plio-pleistocene malacofaunas of the Jordan Valley (Israel) and the Orontes Valley (Syria)

Cited by 16 publications

References 1 publication

Melanopsis from the Pleistocene site of ’Ubeidiya, Jordan Valley: direct evidence of early hybridization (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea)

Melanopsis from the Pleistocene site of ’Ubeidiya, Jordan Valley: direct evidence of early hybridization (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea)

Fossil embryos and adult Viviparidae from the Early–Middle Pleistocene of Gesher Benot Ya’aqov, Israel: ecology, longevity and fecundity

Melanopsis from Al-Qarn, Jordan Valley (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea)

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