A Preliminary Study Comparing Microfracture and Local Adherent Transplantation of Autologous Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Followed by Intraarticular Injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Chondral Defects in Rabbits

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to compare microfracture and application of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) by local adherent technique enhanced by platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to provide a new approach for the repair of cartilage defect. Design Full-thickness cylindrical defects were created in the medial femoral condyle in 9 New Zealand White rabbits (5 months old, 4.65 ± 0.20 kg). Two groups of rabbits ( n = 3) were either treated with ADSCs (Group 1) or the microfracture technique (Group 2) following intraarticular injection of PRP 3 times in weekly intervals. Rabbits in control group ( n = 3) remained untreated. The outcome was assessed macroscopically, histologically, and immunohistochemically. Results At the end of week 12, Group 1 showed better defect filling compared with Group 2. Specimens treated with the combination of ADSCs and PRP exhibited significant differences from the other groups in all criteria of International Cartilage Repair Society macroscopic scoring system. Conclusions Intraarticular injection of autologous PRP in combination with transplantation of autologous ADSCs by local adherent technique enhances the quality of cartilage defect repair with better results in comparison with microfracture surgery in a rabbit model.

A comparison of BMP2 delivery by coacervate and gene therapy for promoting human muscle-derived stem cell-mediated articular cartilage repair

“…Mesenchymal stem cells loaded on Tantalum have been shown to improve cartilage repair in a large osteochondral defect model in goat [36]. Adipose stem cells in combination with different scaffold have been shown to ameliorate cartilage regeneration in a different animal models [37–39]. Adipose stem cells have been tested in phase II clinical trial for knee osteoarthritis treatment, and the results have indicated the improvement of joint function, pain, quality of life, and cartilage regeneration [40].…”

Quality of Cartilage Repair from Marrow Stimulation Correlates with Cell Number, Clonogenic, Chondrogenic, and Matrix Production Potential of Underlying Bone Marrow Stromal Cells in a Rabbit Model

“…Although repair responses induced by BMS along with characterization of BMSCs has been investigated in animal models before, 13-16 this is the first study designed to correlate the early repair response with biological properties of BMSCs from the same location to elucidate the mechanism of location-dependent and interanimal variation observed in cartilage repair. We chose a rabbit model since comparison of the structure of subchondral bone—the primary source of repair in marrow stimulation—has revealed striking similarities between human condyles and rabbit trochlea, making this a relevant preclinical model.…”

Characterization and Therapeutic Use of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Platelets

“…In the context of orthopaedics, a series of previous studies on PRP treatment revealed its positive effect in patients with osteoarthritis compared with hyaluronic acid injection and placebo [ 65 ]. Various in vitro [ 66 , 67 , 68 ] and animal studies [ 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ] also used PRP to demonstrate the beneficial effect of PRP on cell proliferation, structural modulation and inflammation status in the knee joint.…”