A presence‐only habitat suitability model for Persian leopard <i>Panthera pardus saxicolor</i> in Golestan National Park, Iran

Erfanian, Behnaz; Mirkarimi, Seyed Hamed; Mahini, A Salman; Rezaei, Hamid Reza

doi:10.2981/12-045

Cited by 31 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In contrast, other species, such as cheetah, more strongly avoid areas near human settlements. These results are consistent with the previously reported data on carnivore species (Erfanian et al., ; Omidi, ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…These results are consistent with the previously reported data on carnivore species (Erfanian et al, 2013;Omidi, 2008).…”

Section: Influence Of Ecogeographical Variables On Species Potentiasupporting

confidence: 94%

“…The species response to environmental predictors supports habitat associations known from past literature for cheetah (Ahmadi et al., ), leopard (Erfanian, Mirkarimi, Salman Mahini, & Rezaei, ; Farhadinia et al., ; Mondal, Sankar, & Qureshi, ), caracal (Adibi, Karimi, & Kaboli, ) and wolf (Bassi, Willis, Passilongo, Mattioli, & Apollonio, ). In many studies, carnivore habitat suitability has been linked to prey distribution (e.g., Carbone & Gittleman, ; Rostro‐García, Kamler, & Hunter, ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

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Multispecies assessment of core areas and connectivity of desert carnivores in central Iran

Khosravi

Hemami

Cushman

2017

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim Central Iran is a priority area for biodiversity conservation, which is threatened by encroachment on core habitats and fragmentation by roads. The goal of this study was to identify core areas and connectivity corridors for a set of desert carnivores by predicting habitat suitability and calculating resistant kernel, factorial least‐cost path modelling and graph network indices. Location Iran. Methods We used an ensemble model (EM) of habitat suitability methods to predict the potential habitats of leopard, cheetah, caracal, wild cat, sand cat and grey wolf and used resistant kernel and factorial least‐cost path modelling to identify important core habitats and corridors between patches. We also used a graph network analysis to quantify the importance of each core patch to landscape connectivity. Results Potential habitats of the studied carnivores appeared to be strongly influenced by prey density, annual precipitation, topographical roughness, shrubland density and anthropogenic factors. Most of the core patches were covered by protected areas and no‐hunting areas. This may be attributed to the relatively high resistance outside protected areas leading to isolated occupied patches. Patch importance to connectivity was significantly correlated with patch extent, density of dispersing individuals and probability of occurrence in the core patch. Main conclusions Our findings revealed that prey abundance in core habitat is critically important, and has higher influence than habitat area per se. In addition, our analysis provided the first map of landscape connectivity for multiple species in Iran and revealed that conserving these species requires integrated landscape‐level management to reduce mortality risk and protect core areas and linkages among them. These results will assist the development of multispecies conservation strategies to protect core areas for carnivores.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…These results are consistent with the previously reported data on carnivore species (Erfanian et al, 2013;Omidi, 2008).…”

Section: Influence Of Ecogeographical Variables On Species Potentiasupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

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Multispecies assessment of core areas and connectivity of desert carnivores in central Iran

Khosravi

Hemami

Cushman

2017

Diversity and Distributions

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“…Their taxonomy as a distinct subspecies still remains obscure until further evaluations, but for the time being this subspecies is traditionally assigned to P. p. saxicolor (Yusefi, Faizolahi, Darvish, Safi, & Brito, 2019), as some studies investigating craniological patterns and molecular genetics showed that Iran is inhabited only by P. p. saxicolor (Farhadinia et al, 2015). According to unsubstantiated estimates, between 550 and 850 leopards are distributed within about 6,050 km 2 in Iran, specifically in two great mountain ranges, the Zagros Mountains in the west and the Alborz Mountains in the north, which makes Iran the main stronghold of the leopard (Erfanian, Mirkarimi, Mahini, & Rezaei, 2013;Sharbafi, Farhadinia, Rezaie, & Braczkowski, 2016;Yusefi et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and human‐caused mortality of Persian leopards Panthera pardus saxicolor in Iran, based on unpublished data and Farsi gray literature

Parchizadeh¹,

Adibi

2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Gray literature and data from unpublished sources can provide important scientific information that has not been published scientifically. The Persian leopard (hereafter leopard) Panthera pardus saxicolor is classed as endangered on the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and also is one of the least‐studied subspecies of leopard. It occurs in the Caucasus and Central and Southwest Asia. Iran contains more than 75% of the leopard's extant range, and the leopard population in this country serves as a source for neighboring countries. In this study, we determined the distribution and human‐caused mortality of leopards in Iran, by reviewing unpublished data and Farsi gray literature (which includes government reports) between 1 January 2010 and 30 December 2018. We created the most recent distribution map of the leopard in Iran. Our data display that human‐caused mortality of leopard in Iran mostly includes poaching and intentional poisoning, and roadkill.

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“…Gradually reducing toward the east, the elevation ranges from 450 to 2,400 m above sea level. The mean annual precipitation is 150 in east and 700 mm in the west part [31] [32] [34]. The vegetation can be divided into two zones: the Hyrcanian forest in the west with a high humidity and the Iran-Turanian vegetation in the east of the park where it is dry [35].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Wildlife Road Mortality in Golestan National Park-North East of Iran

Kazemi¹,

Jafari²,

Yavari³

2016

OJE

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Nowadays, wildlife road mortality is acknowledged as a main source of threatening long-term survival of wildlife. This paper as the first to analysis wild life vehicle collisions in Iran, aims to reconstruct and interpret the spatio-temporal patterns of WVCs on Asiaei highway in Golestan National Park (GNP). With the collaboration of environmental protection department of GNP, we identified about 1900 WVC Records involving 34 different species of mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians between 2004 and 2013. Mammals were involved in more than 50% of overall WVCs, among which wild boar (Sus scrofa), Golden Jackal (Canis aureus), Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes), hedgehog (Erinaceus concolor), stone marten (Martes foina) and porcupine (Hystrix indica) were involved in more than 90% of mammals' mortalities; So, we focused on analyzing spatio-temporal pattern of vehicle collisions of these six mammal species. During the study period, these species have undergone 95% increase in road mortalities, averagely. Detailed temporal analyses exhibited an increasing trend of road mortalities from spring to summer and then a reducing one to late winter. It was shown that a large number of collisions occurred in holiday periods when recreational trips considerably increased the traffic volume of Asiaei highway. Preliminary inspection of spatial patterns using Kernel density analysis revealed six collision hotspots, mostly located in the road bends with densely forested land cover on both sides; the promenades along the road seemed to play a significant role too. Scale dependency analyses of collision patterns, demonstrated clustering pattern at micro scales less than 10 km, randomness at meso scales 10 -20 km and both regularity and clustering at macro scales more than 20 km. This paper suggests that road mortality of common species in GNP is a momentous issue, which needs to be considered by relevant governmental and public organizations. We also emphasize that the analyses of spatial and temporal patterns of WVCs are fundamentals to plan for mitigate wildlife road mortality.

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A presence‐only habitat suitability model for Persian leopard Panthera pardus saxicolor in Golestan National Park, Iran

Cited by 31 publications

References 22 publications

Multispecies assessment of core areas and connectivity of desert carnivores in central Iran

Multispecies assessment of core areas and connectivity of desert carnivores in central Iran

Distribution and human‐caused mortality of Persian leopards Panthera pardus saxicolor in Iran, based on unpublished data and Farsi gray literature

Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Wildlife Road Mortality in Golestan National Park-North East of Iran

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