A pressure mapping imaging device based on electrical impedance tomography of conductive fabrics

Yao, A.; Soleimani, Masoud

doi:10.1108/02602281211257542

Cited by 51 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The multiplexer 1 supplies excitation current to the electrodes and multiplexer 2 acquires voltage measurements. This is a simple EIT design with an SNR of 40 dB [1]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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EIT-Based Fabric Pressure Sensing

Yao

Yang

Seo

et al. 2013

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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This paper presents EIT-based fabric sensors that aim to provide a pressure mapping using the current carrying and voltage sensing electrodes attached to the boundary of the fabric patch. Pressure-induced shape change over the sensor area makes a change in the conductivity distribution which can be conveyed to the change of boundary current-voltage data. This boundary data is obtained through electrode measurements in EIT system. The corresponding inverse problem is to reconstruct the pressure and deformation map from the relationship between the applied current and the measured voltage on the fabric boundary. Taking advantage of EIT in providing dynamical images of conductivity changes due to pressure induced shape change, the pressure map can be estimated. In this paper, the EIT-based fabric sensor was presented for circular and rectangular sensor geometry. A stretch sensitive fabric was used in circular sensor with 16 electrodes and a pressure sensitive fabric was used in a rectangular sensor with 32 electrodes. A preliminary human test was carried out with the rectangular sensor for foot pressure mapping showing promising results.

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“…The multiplexer 1 supplies excitation current to the electrodes and multiplexer 2 acquires voltage measurements. This is a simple EIT design with an SNR of 40 dB [1]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Time difference EIT technique can be used to image conductivity changes in a fabric sensor [1]. When pressure is applied to the fabric patch (the boundary is kept in a frame to maintain a fixed boundary and electrode position), the conductivity of the proposed conductive fabric changes with increasing pressure or deformation of the fabric.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EIT-Based Fabric Pressure Sensing

Yao

Yang

Seo

et al. 2013

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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“…In all of these applications, Electrical Impedance Tomography has been used to localise areas of inhomogeneity within the domain caused by the presence of elements that change the domain conductivity. If applied to a stretchable conductive substrate (as in [13,14,15,16,17]), the technique can be used to develop a flexible sensor with arbitrary size and shape that does not suffer from the presence of wires within the sensing area. Even if it sounds promising, the technique has some drawbacks, especially related to spatial resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Deformable Smart Skin for Continuous Sensing Based on Electrical Impedance Tomography

Visentin

Fiorini

Suzuki

2016

Sensors

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In this paper, we present a low-cost, adaptable, and flexible pressure sensor that can be applied as a smart skin over both stiff and deformable media. The sensor can be easily adapted for use in applications related to the fields of robotics, rehabilitation, or costumer electronic devices. In order to remove most of the stiff components that block the flexibility of the sensor, we based the sensing capability on the use of a tomographic technique known as Electrical Impedance Tomography. The technique allows the internal structure of the domain under study to be inferred by reconstructing its conductivity map. By applying the technique to a material that changes its resistivity according to applied forces, it is possible to identify these changes and then localise the area where the force was applied. We tested the system when applied to flat and curved surfaces. For all configurations, we evaluate the artificial skin capabilities to detect forces applied over a single point, over multiple points, and changes in the underlying geometry. The results are all promising, and open the way for the application of such sensors in different robotic contexts where deformability is the key point.

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“…Electrical measurements have recently been used to monitor the pressure-induced surface deformation of conductive membranes. In particular, electrical impedance tomography (EIT) has been used to develop flexible pressure sensors [31,37,38], because it allows the electromechanical behavior of an electrically conducting film to be monitored. When a pressure-sensitive conductive sheet is exposed to pressure, the deformation of the surface alters the conductivity distribution, which can be detected by an EIT system.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Pressure Distribution Imaging Technique with a Conductive Membrane using Electrical Impedance Tomography

Ammari

Kang²,

Lee

et al. 2015

SIAM J. Appl. Math.

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This paper presents a mathematical framework for a flexible pressure sensor model using electrical impedance tomography (EIT). When pressure is applied to a conductive membrane patch with clamped boundary, the pressure-induced surface deformation results in a change in the conductivity distribution. This change can be detected in the current-voltage data (i.e., EIT data) measured on the boundary of the membrane patch. Hence, the corresponding inverse problem is to reconstruct the pressure distribution from the data. Assuming that the material's conductivity distribution is constant, we derive a two-dimensional (2D) apparent conductivity (in terms of EIT data) corresponding to the surface deformation. Since the 2D apparent conductivity is found to be anisotropic, we consider a constrained inverse problem by restricting the coefficient tensor to the range of the map from pressure to the 2D apparent conductivity. This paper provides theoretical grounds for mathematically modeling the inverse problem. We develop a reconstruction algorithm based on a careful sensitivity analysis. We demonstrate the performance of the reconstruction algorithm through numerical simulations to validate its feasibility for future experimental studies. Introduction.There is a growing demand for cost-effective flexible pressure sensors. These devices have wide potential applicability, including in smart textiles [7,26,27], touch screens [18], artificial skins [35], and wearable health monitoring technologies [25,29]. Electrical measurements have recently been used to monitor the pressure-induced surface deformation of conductive membranes. In particular, electrical impedance tomography (EIT) has been used to develop flexible pressure sensors [31,37,38], because it allows the electromechanical behavior of an electrically conducting film to be monitored. When a pressure-sensitive conductive sheet is exposed to pressure, the deformation of the surface alters the conductivity distribution, which can be detected by an EIT system. However, rigorous studies employing mathematical modeling and reconstruction methods have not yet been conducted. The purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic mathematical framework for an EIT-based flexible pressure sensor.Our rigorous mathematical analysis is based on the consideration of a simple model of an EIT-based pressure sensor using a thin, flexible conductive membrane

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A pressure mapping imaging device based on electrical impedance tomography of conductive fabrics

Cited by 51 publications

References 34 publications

EIT-Based Fabric Pressure Sensing

EIT-Based Fabric Pressure Sensing

A Deformable Smart Skin for Continuous Sensing Based on Electrical Impedance Tomography

A Pressure Distribution Imaging Technique with a Conductive Membrane using Electrical Impedance Tomography

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