A probabilistic Pliocene–Pleistocene stack of benthic δ18O using a profile hidden Markov model

Ahn, S.; Khider, Deborah; Lisiecki, L. E.; Lawrence, Charles E.

doi:10.1093/climsys/dzx002

Cited by 80 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…The distinctive Pliocene glacial M2 event stands out as the heaviest isotopic excursion for Sites 1125 and 594 during the mid to late Pliocene, similar to the LR04 and Ahn et al () global stacks (Figure ). However, difficulty correlating the Southwest Pacific benthic stable isotope records in detail to the LR04 or Ahn et al () global stacks arises from the ~100‐kyr dominance in all the surface and subsurface data sets at both Sites 1125 and 594. While latest Pliocene isotopic features are readily correlatable to the isotopic stacks, even in this interval (2.6–3.4 Ma) the isotopic excursions at Sites 594 and 1125 take on a approximately 100‐kyr wavelength in preference to the presumed 41‐kyr glacial‐interglacial pacing.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…This simple age model transforms δ 18 O data into a time series in which many, but not all, features can be correlated to the LR04 and Ahn et al () global stacks (Figure ). Consistent with the moving window analysis, we placed tie points based on oxygen isotope stratigraphy, identifying MIS G6, G13, MG1, Gi20, and Gi28 (Table S3) and adopting the ages assigned by the Ahn et al () probabilistic stack. Ages between tie points were estimated by linear interpolation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pliocene Southwest Pacific benthic δ 18 O in the context of global benthic δ 18 O stacks. Benthic δ 18 O for Sites 1125 and 594 (purple) on a common age model are compared to the LR04 global benthic stack (Lisiecki & Raymo, ; top gray) along the latest published global stack put forth by Ahn et al (; bottom gray). Characteristic Pliocene glacials and interglacials are identified for context.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That the LR04 (and subsequent probabilistic stack; Ahn et al, 2017) global stack does not show a strong precessional fingerprint could also be due to small misalignments in stacking records. Furthermore, the stack's binning interval for the mid to late Pliocene of 5 kyr results in a maximum of four samples per precession cycle, offering only marginal ability to observe precession-scale features (Martinez et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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100‐kyr Paced Climate Change in the Pliocene Warm Period, Southwest Pacific

Caballero-Gill

Herbert

Dowsett

2019

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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The mid to late Pliocene (~4.2–2.8 Ma.) represents an experiment in climate sensitivity to orbital pacing in which nearly all continental ice was confined to the Southern Hemisphere. Most studies have emphasized the dominant role of obliquity in determining changes in ice volume and temperature at this time, although most records come from the Northern Hemisphere, instead of the hemisphere where the bulk of ice resided. We present the first orbitally‐resolved, mid to late Pliocene Southern Hemisphere paired records of surface and subsurface variability from two deep ocean archives from the Southwest Pacific Ocean (Sites 594 and 1125). These records indicate dominance of low frequencies centered at ~100 kyr for this time period. Because these signatures extend coherently and synchronously from middepth water properties (δ13C, δ18O of benthic foraminifera), which have their chemistry set in the subantarctic belt, to the surface (alkenone‐derived surface temperature estimates, color reflectance, and magnetic susceptibility), we infer that the fingerprint of the ~100‐kyr cycles must have extended over a large region of the Southern Hemisphere. We propose that nonlinearities in climate response to precessional forcing—most likely through ice sheet and/or carbon cycle behavior—generated the observed low frequency. A review of published mid to late Pliocene time series suggests that the ~100‐kyr pacing may be a widespread phenomenon and that major approximately 100‐kyr excursions in Pliocene climate were an important overlay to the underlying 41‐kyr glacial‐interglacial rhythm. These results caution against uncritical use of existing Pliocene isotopic templates to construct high‐resolution age models.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

100‐kyr Paced Climate Change in the Pliocene Warm Period, Southwest Pacific

Caballero-Gill

Herbert

Dowsett

2019

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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Cancellation of the precessional cycle in δ18O records during the Early Pleistocene

Morée

Sun

Bretones

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Comparison and synthesis of sea-level and deep-sea temperature variations over the past 40 million years

Rohling

Foster

Gernon

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Global ice volume (sea level) and deep-sea temperature are key measures of Earth's climatic state. We synthesize evidence for multi-centennial to millennial ice-volume and deep-sea temperature variations over the past 40 million years, which encompass the early glaciation of Antarctica at ˜34 million years ago (Ma), the end of the Middle Miocene Climate Optimum, and the descent into the bipolar glaciation state from ˜3.4 Ma. We compare different sea-level and deep-water temperature reconstructions that are grounded in data to build a resource for validation of long-term numerical model-based approaches. We present: (a) a new ice-volume and deep-sea temperature synthesis for the past 5.3 million years; (b) a single template reconstruction of ice-volume and deep-sea temperature for the interval between 5.3 and 40 Ma; and (c) a discussion of uncertainties and limitations. We highlight key issues associated with glacial state changes in the geological record from 40 Ma to the present that require specific attention in further research. These include offsets between calibration-sensitive versus more thermodynamically guided deep-sea paleothermometry proxy measurements; a conundrum related to the magnitudes of sea-level and deep-sea temperature change at the Eocene-Oligocene transition at 34 Ma; a discrepancy in deep-sea temperature levels during the Middle Miocene between proxy reconstructions and model-based deconvolutions of deep-sea oxygen isotope data; and a hitherto unquantified non-linear reduction of glacial deep-sea temperatures through the past 3.4 million years toward a near-freezing deep-sea temperature asymptote, while sea level stepped down in a more linear manner.

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A probabilistic Pliocene–Pleistocene stack of benthic δ18O using a profile hidden Markov model

Cited by 80 publications

References 19 publications

100‐kyr Paced Climate Change in the Pliocene Warm Period, Southwest Pacific

100‐kyr Paced Climate Change in the Pliocene Warm Period, Southwest Pacific

Cancellation of the precessional cycle in δ18O records during the Early Pleistocene

Comparison and synthesis of sea-level and deep-sea temperature variations over the past 40 million years

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