A Production Model for Myriophyllum spicatum L.

Titus, John E.; Goldstein, Robert A.; Adams, Michael S.; Mankin, J.B.; O'Neill, R. V.; Weiler, P.; Shugart, Herman H.; Booth, R.S.

doi:10.2307/1936152

Cited by 65 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Our results also show an effect of depth on the growth of M. spicatum, C. demersum and E. canadensis, as well as E. densa. The first two species demonstrate lower biomass as average depth increases, indicating some light limitation at least in the case of M. spicatum (Kautsky 1988;Nichols and Shaw 1986;Titus et al 1975), which is known to be a intermediate depth species (Nichols and Shaw 1986). Depth effects on C. demersum biomass may seem counter-intuitive since this plant lacks true roots; however, it is often entangled with species that are rooted to the sediment, such as E. densa and E. canadensis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The growth of M. spicatum, P. crispus and E. canadensis was affected by water temperature. The Delta has relatively high water temperature (18-20°C in the summer), when compared with similar systems (Yates et al 2008), and these increased temperatures seem to benefit the growth of non-natives such as M. spicatum (Titus et al 1975) and P. crispus (Nichols and Shaw 1986). On the other hand, natives such as E. canadensis are negatively affected by higher water temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of invasive species on plant communities: an example using submersed aquatic plants at the regional scale

2010

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Submersed aquatic plants have a key role in maintaining functioning aquatic ecosystems through their effects on the hydrological regime, sedimentation, nutrient cycling and habitat of associated fauna. Modifications of aquatic plant communities, for example through the introduction of invasive species, can alter these functions. In the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta, California, a major invasive submersed plant, Brazilian waterweed Egeria densa, has become widespread and greatly affected the functionality of the submersed aquatic plant community. Rapid assessments of the distribution and abundance of this species are therefore crucial to direct management actions early in the season. Given the E. densa bimodal growth pattern (late spring and fall growth peaks), summer assessments of this species may indicate which and where other submersed species may occur and fall assessments may indicate where this and other species may occur in the following spring, primarily because the Delta's winter water temperatures are usually insufficient to kill submersed aquatic plant species. We assessed community composition and distribution in the fall of 2007 and summer of 2008 using geostatistical analysis; and measured summer biomass, temperature, pH, salinity, and turbidity. In the fall of 2007, submersed aquatic plants covered a much higher proportion of the waterways (60.7%) than in the summer of 2008 (37.4%), with a significant overlap between the seasonal distribution of native and nonnative species. Most patches were monospecific, and multispecies patches had significantly higher dominance by E. densa, co-occurring especially with Ceratophyllum demersum. As species richness of non-natives increased there was a significant decrease in richness of natives, and of native biomass. Sustained E. densa summer biomass negatively affected the likelihood of presence of Myriophyllum spicatum, Potamogeton crispus, and Elodea canadensis but not their biomass within patches. Depth, temperature and salinity were associated with biomass; however, the direction of the effect was species specific. Our results suggest that despite native and invasive non-native submersed plant species sharing available niches in the Delta, E. densa affects aquatic plant community structure and composition by facilitating persistence of some species and reducing the likelihood of establishment of other species. Successful management of this species may therefore facilitate shifts in existing non-native or native plant species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of invasive species on plant communities: an example using submersed aquatic plants at the regional scale

2010

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“…For example, if the maximum temperature for spicaturn is altered between 30°C and 40°C (the original value being 35OC), one wouid not expect a major change in the plant response if water temperatures never approached this range of temperatures. Titus et al (1975) found M. spicaturn to increase by only 10%…”

Section: Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Incorporation and Testing of Revised Algorithms for the Aquatic Plant Growth Model, ECOL

Humphries

James

2000

JWMM

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Aquatic plant growth in river systems provides a link between phosphorus enrichment and fluctuations in dissolved oxygen. Most aquatic plant models simulate the growîh of a single generalized species and therefore cannot account for the wide variability in growth patterns shown by differing species. ECOL, an aquatic plant growth model developed in the late 1970s, was incorporated into the Grand River Simulation Model (GRSM) to model the growth of the three main plant species found in the Grand River watershed: CladophDra glornerata, Potamogeton peclinam and Myriophylfzim spicatum. ECO L calculates plant uptake of phosphorus, biomass production and Ioss, and the resulting production and consumption of dissolved oxygen (DO), using a Zhour time step, New algorithms to improve the sub-models in ECOL for light, temperature and phosphorus are developed and tested in this study. The present work evaluates and corrects sources of error in GRSM96, recalibrates the improved model and identifies and quantifies remaining weaknesses.The resulting modef, GRSM98AH, has an average error between computed and observed DO of 19.6%, which is regarded as satisfactory.

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“…All calculations are performed on a square meter basis. Since environmental factors and plant growth characteristics vary with depth, the water column and associated growth-related processes have been partitioned in 0.10-m depth classes in the model (Titus et al 1975).…”

Section: Taxonomy and Distribution Of Sago Pondweed Within The Unitedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the number of simulation models for growth of monotypic, submersed macrophyte communities is increasing (e.g., Titus et al 1975;Best 1981;Collins and Wlosinski 1985;Best and Jacobs 1990;Hootsmans 1991;Scheffer et al 1993;Best and Boyd 1996, 1999, 2001, it is still relatively low compared to that for terrestrial vegetation. The current model has been developed because none of the existing models was suitable to simulate the behavior of a monotypic sago pondweed community under various environmental and climatological conditions over a period ranging from one season to several years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simulation Model for Growth of the Submersed Aquatic Macrophyte Sago Pondweed (Potamogeton pectinatus L.)

Best¹,

Boyd²

2003

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A simulation model for biomass dynamics of the submersed macrophyte Potamogeton pectinatus L. is presented. The model (POTAM) is based on carbon flow through the vegetation in meter-squared (m^) water columns. It includes descriptions of several factors that affect biomass dynamics, such as site characteristic changes in climate, temperature, water transparency, water level, pH, and oxygen effects on CO2 assimilation rate at light saturation, wintering strategies, mechanical control (removal of shoot biomass), and grazing. The characteristics of community and site can be easily modified by the user.POTAM incorporates insight into the processes affecting the dynamics of a sago pondweed community in relatively shallow, hard water (0.1-to 6-m depth; dissolved inorganic carbon concentration > 0.8 mmol and pH > 6), under ample supply of nitrogen and phosphorus in a pest-, disease-, and competitor-free environment under the prevailing weather conditions. It has been calibrated on data pertaining to a sago pondweed community in the Western Canal near Zandvoort, The Netherlands. At this site, growth starts from the subterranean tubers alone. Plant biomass usually peaks once a year, in July, and intensive downward transport of soluble carbohydrates occurs after anthesis, used for the formation of tubers that grow into the sediment.POTAM simulated the dynamics of plant and tuber biomass and tuber numbers in the Western Canal near Zandvoort, The Netherlands, well over a period of 1 to 5 years. Starting from measured instead of nominal tuber size increased the similarity between simulated and measured plant data. The importance of several plant speciescharacteristic properties was explored, namely, of leaf surface:dry weight ratio, tuber bank density, anchorage depth, and presence/absence of wintering shoots.The model has been used to calculate plant and tuber biomass and tuber numbers for other sites as well. In Lake Veluwe, The Netherlands, a site with a temperate climate, simulated plant biomass and newly produced tuber densities were similar to measured ones in two consecutive years, but timing in the simulated plants was delayed the second year. In the Byrnes Canal, California, with a far warmer temperate climate, simulated plant biomass and tuber bank density were similar to measured values when a lower self-shading coefficient than the nominal one and the same tuber size/tuber number per plant as measured were used. However, plant biomass and tuber bank density were lower with the nominal self-shading coefficient. In the tropical Lake Ramgarh, India, a simulated peak plant biomass similar to measured was found using the same lower self-shading coefficient as run for the California site, and almost no tubers were formed. Verification of simulated with measured tuber numbers was not possible, since tubers had not been measured.Several case studies are presented in which POTAM generated insight useful for management aimed at conserving or controlling sago pondweed populations. The model was used to calculate t...

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A Production Model for Myriophyllum spicatum L.

Cited by 65 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of invasive species on plant communities: an example using submersed aquatic plants at the regional scale

Effects of invasive species on plant communities: an example using submersed aquatic plants at the regional scale

Incorporation and Testing of Revised Algorithms for the Aquatic Plant Growth Model, ECOL

A Simulation Model for Growth of the Submersed Aquatic Macrophyte Sago Pondweed (Potamogeton pectinatus L.)

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