Electroretinographic exploration is an effective approach to evaluate retinal function. In order to investigate physiopathological mechanisms and evaluate potentially protective therapies for retinal ischemia, we developed three experimental models: the first two on isolated retina, with ischemia induced by either stopping perfusion or clamping the ophthalmic artery, and the third, in vivo, with ischemia induced by ocular hypertonia. Since free radicals are implicated in the formation of postischemic lesions, we evaluated the protective effects of drugs known to be free radical scavengers and of an immunomediator antagonist, an anti-PAF (platelet activating factor) agent.