A Proprietary Topical Preparation Containing EGCG-Stearate and Glycerin with Inhibitory Effects on Herpes Simplex Virus: Case Study

Zhao, Man; Jiang, Jingjing; Zheng, Rongrong; Pearl, Henna; Dickinson, Douglas; Fu, Baiping; Hsu, Stephen

doi:10.2174/187152812803251033

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Palmitoyl-EGCG therefore offers a potentially useful approach to prevent infection by topical application on epithelial tissues. A case study has been reported recently that the topical application of lipophilic EGCG could be a potential effective treatment for HSV (Zhao et al 2012). Use of p-EGCG could have significant public health benefits, and warrants further study in appropriate models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 with the modified green tea polyphenol palmitoyl-epigallocatechin gallate

Oliveira

Adams

Lee

et al. 2013

Food and Chemical Toxicology

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Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a strong anti-oxidant that has previously been shown to reduce the number of plaques in HIV-infected cultured cells. Modified EGCG palmitoyl-EGCG (p-EGCG), is of interest as a topical antiviral agent for Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV-1) infections. This study evaluated the effect of p-EGCG on HSV-infected Vero cells. Results of cell viability and cell proliferation assays indicate that p-EGCG is not toxic to cultured Vero cells and show that modification of the green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) with palmitate increases the effectiveness of EGCG as an antiviral agent. Furthermore, p-EGCG is a more potent inhibitor of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) than EGCG and can be topically applied to skin, one of the primary tissues infected by HSV. Viral binding assay, plaque forming assay, PCR, real-time PCR, and fluorescence microscopy were used to demonstrate that p-EGCG concentrations of 50 µM and higher block the production of infectious HSV-1 particles. p-EGCG was found to inhibit HSV-1 adsorption to Vero cells. Thus, p-EGCG may provide a novel treatment for HSV-1 infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 with the modified green tea polyphenol palmitoyl-epigallocatechin gallate

Oliveira

Adams

Lee

et al. 2013

Food and Chemical Toxicology

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“…These healing properties are attributable to its abundant polyphenolic catechins, such as the epigallocatechin-3-gallate, EGCG, which accounts for up to 50 mg in a single cup of tea [10]. During the last two decades, extensive evidence has emerged to support a wide spectrum of anti-bacterial [11-14], anti-viral [15-17], or anti- …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Tea Catechins Quench the Fluorescence of Bacteria-Conjugated Alexa Fluor Dyes

Zhao¹,

Li²,

Zhu³

et al. 2013

IADT

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Accumulating evidence suggests that Green tea polyphenolic catechins, especially the (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), can be cross-linked to many proteins, and confer a wide range of anti-bacterial activities possibly by damaging microbial cytoplasmic lipids and proteins. At the doses that conferred protection against lethal polymicrobial infection (induced by cecal ligation and puncture), EGCG significantly reduced bacterial loads particularly in the liver and lung. To elucidate its bactericidal mechanisms, we determined whether EGCG affected the fluorescence intensities of bacteria-conjugated Alexa Fluor 488 or 594 dyes. When mixed with unconjugated Alexa Fluor 488 or 594 dyes, EGCG or analogs did not affect the fluorescence intensity of these dyes. In a sharp contrast, EGCG and some analogs (e.g., Catechin Gallate, CG), markedly reduced the fluorescence intensity of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus-conjugated Alexa 594 and Gram-negative Escherichia coli-conjugated Alexa 488. Interestingly, co-treatment with ethanol impaired the EGCG-mediated fluorescence quenching of the G+ S. aureus, but not of the G- E. coli-conjugated Alexa Flour dyes. In light of the notion that Alexa Fluor dyes can be quenched by aromatic amino acids, it is plausible that EGCG exerts anti-microbial activities possibly by altering microbial protein conformations and functions. This possibility can now be explored by screening other fluorescence-quenching agents for possible antimicrobial activities.

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“…We reported previously that 50 µM EGCG-p completely blocks the infectivity of herpes simplex-1 virus (HSV-1) in Vero cells; this compound showed significantly higher efficacy than watersoluble EGCG [19]. The antiviral effect of lipophilic EGCG was further validated in a clinical trial treating herpes labialis caused by herpes simplex virus; it demonstrated high efficacy, without reported side effect [11,12]. Newly published data from hand sanitizer formulation testing demonstrated that, using 50% Tissue Culture Infective Dose (TCID50) assay methods, a novel alcoholbased sanitizer formulation containing EGCG-p resulted in a mean 6-log 10 -reduction of human poliovirus 1 (PV-1) infectivity (i.e., one million-fold reduction), exceeding by 100-fold the mandatory in vitro >4 log 10 -reduction of PV-1 infectivity for virucidal agents set by the US (EPA), EU, Canada and China [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Previous studies have indicated that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and its lipid-soluble derivatives, especially EGCG-palmitate (EGCG-p), could be strong candidates for the next generation of antiviral and virucidal materials [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. EGCG is a major polyphenol component of extracts from dry leaves of the Camellia sinensis (tea) plant, and its antiviral activities have been studied widely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to their stability, global antiviral properties, high efficacy, persistency, and absence of known toxicity under normal doses, lipophilic EGCG compounds become the most suitable derivatives of EGCG for topical applications [18,20]. A group of lipophilic EGCG compounds has been tested, with promising results, in multiple in vitro and in vivo models against influenza A virus, herpes simplex 1 virus, and polio virus 1 [3,11,12,19,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Persistent Virucidal Activity in an Alcohol-Based Sanitizer Formulation (ProtecTeaV) for Potential Use against Norovirus

Widjaja¹,

Dickinson²,

Shao³

et al. 2018

Microbiol Infect Dis

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Background: Norovirus is a major cause of acute gastroenteritis. Alcohol sanitization is ineffective, and currently used alcohol-based hand sanitizers are not recommended by the CDC for norovirus in healthcare settings. This study evaluated virucidal activity and surface persistence of a novel alcohol-based hand sanitizer formulation, ProtecTeaV, containing lipophilic epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG-p) against a human norovirus surrogate.Methods: Virucidal capacity against feline calicivirus (FCV) was tested using a standard 50% Tissue Culture Infective Dose (TCID50) suspension assay. Persistence of residual virucidal activity after application on a clean surface was determined through 12 hours. Controls included the formulation without EGCG-p, popular alcoholbased sanitizers, and antibacterial liquid hand soap (LHS). Statistical analysis employed one-way ANOVA (alpha=0.05).Results: Suspension assays demonstrated that the ProtecTeaV formulation effectively reduced FCV viral infectivity >log 10 4 (10,000 fold). Surface applied residue activity remained strong (reduction of infectivity by > log 10 3) through 12 hours. In comparison, LHS did not show virucidal activity without washing with water, and other controls failed to reduce infectivity by more than log 10 3 (1,000 fold). Conclusion:This non-toxic hand sanitizer/surface disinfectant demonstrated effective and prolonged virucidal activities against a norovirus surrogate. Therefore, the EGCG-p formulation is potentially a novel and effective approach to curtail norovirus outbreaks. Research ArticleCitation: Widjaja Nicole, Dickinson Douglas, Shao Xueling, et al. Persistent Virucidal Activity in an Alcohol-Based Sanitizer Formulation (ProtecTeaV) for Potential Use against Norovirus. Microbiol Infect Dis. 2018; 2(2): 1-8.

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A Proprietary Topical Preparation Containing EGCG-Stearate and Glycerin with Inhibitory Effects on Herpes Simplex Virus: Case Study

Cited by 21 publications

References 9 publications

Inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 with the modified green tea polyphenol palmitoyl-epigallocatechin gallate

Inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 with the modified green tea polyphenol palmitoyl-epigallocatechin gallate

Green Tea Catechins Quench the Fluorescence of Bacteria-Conjugated Alexa Fluor Dyes

Persistent Virucidal Activity in an Alcohol-Based Sanitizer Formulation (ProtecTeaV) for Potential Use against Norovirus

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