Persistent Virucidal Activity in an Alcohol-Based Sanitizer Formulation (ProtecTeaV) for Potential Use against Norovirus

Abstract

Background: Norovirus is a major cause of acute gastroenteritis. Alcohol sanitization is ineffective, and currently used alcohol-based hand sanitizers are not recommended by the CDC for norovirus in healthcare settings. This study evaluated virucidal activity and surface persistence of a novel alcohol-based hand sanitizer formulation, ProtecTeaV, containing lipophilic epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG-p) against a human norovirus surrogate.Methods: Virucidal capacity against feline calicivirus (FCV) was tested using a standard 50% Tissue Culture Infective Dose (TCID50) suspension assay. Persistence of residual virucidal activity after application on a clean surface was determined through 12 hours. Controls included the formulation without EGCG-p, popular alcoholbased sanitizers, and antibacterial liquid hand soap (LHS). Statistical analysis employed one-way ANOVA (alpha=0.05).Results: Suspension assays demonstrated that the ProtecTeaV formulation effectively reduced FCV viral infectivity >log 10 4 (10,000 fold). Surface applied residue activity remained strong (reduction of infectivity by > log 10 3) through 12 hours. In comparison, LHS did not show virucidal activity without washing with water, and other controls failed to reduce infectivity by more than log 10 3 (1,000 fold). Conclusion:This non-toxic hand sanitizer/surface disinfectant demonstrated effective and prolonged virucidal activities against a norovirus surrogate. Therefore, the EGCG-p formulation is potentially a novel and effective approach to curtail norovirus outbreaks. Research ArticleCitation: Widjaja Nicole, Dickinson Douglas, Shao Xueling, et al. Persistent Virucidal Activity in an Alcohol-Based Sanitizer Formulation (ProtecTeaV) for Potential Use against Norovirus. Microbiol Infect Dis. 2018; 2(2): 1-8.

Sensitivity Evaluation of Enveloped and Non-enveloped Viruses to Ethanol Using Machine Learning: A Systematic Review

“…Some studies have shown that ethanol effectively inactivates enveloped viruses, such as influenza virus (Nomura et al, 2021 ), coronavirus (Harada et al, 2022 ; Kariwa et al, 2006 ; Kratzel et al, 2020 ; Nomura et al, 2021 ), herpes virus (Tyler & Ayliffe, 1987 ), and hepatitis B virus (Than et al, 2019 ). Meanwhile, for sufficient inactivation of non-enveloped viruses, higher ethanol concentrations and longer contact times are required (Belliot et al, 2008 ; Cromeans et al, 2014 ; Kramer et al, 2006 ; Nicole et al, 2018 ; Ruhlandt et al, 2023 ; Sattar, 2007 ; Park et al, 2010 ). However, the sensitivity of viruses to ethanol has not been quantitatively evaluated.…”