A prospective study of relationships between propositions about risk and driver speeding

Brown, Stephen L.; Gould, Rachel V.

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2011.12.007

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

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“…In the final study focused on a risky behavior, Brown and Gould (2012) found that people who endorsed the gist principle, Speeding feels unsafe , prior to a media-based anti-speeding campaign, were less likely to report speeding after the campaign. However, people who endorsed the gist principle, Speeding is OK on long straight roads , prior to the campaign, were more likely to report speeding after the campaign.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using fuzzy-trace theory to understand and improve health judgments, decisions, and behaviors: A literature review.

2016

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Objective Fuzzy-trace theory is a dual-process model of memory, reasoning, judgment, and decision making that contrasts with traditional expectancy-value approaches. We review the literature applying fuzzy-trace theory to health with three aims: evaluating whether the theory’s basic distinctions have been validated empirically in the domain of health; determining whether these distinctions are useful in assessing, explaining, and predicting health-related psychological processes; and determining whether the theory can be used to improve health judgments, decisions, or behaviors, especially in comparison to other approaches. Methods We conducted a literature review using PubMed, PsycInfo, and Web of Science to identify empirical peer-reviewed papers that applied fuzzy-trace theory, or central constructs of the theory, to investigate health judgments, decisions, or behaviors. Results 79 studies were identified, over half published since 2012, spanning a wide variety of conditions and populations. Study findings supported the prediction that verbatim and gist representations are distinct constructs that can be retrieved independently using different cues. Although gist-based reasoning was usually associated with improved judgment and decision making, four sources of bias that can impair gist reasoning were identified. Finally, promising findings were reported from intervention studies that used fuzzy-trace theory to improve decision making and decrease unhealthy risk taking. Conclusions Despite large gaps in the literature, most studies supported all three aims. By focusing on basic psychological processes that underlie judgment and decision making, fuzzy-trace theory provides insights into how individuals make decisions involving health risks and suggests innovative intervention approaches to improve health outcomes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%