“…Our findings related to the use of recovery experience in programmatic decisions are consistent with the study of Crabb and Linton (2007) who found that some service providers with preference for the use of the 12-step model of recovery did not believe that available research evidence enhanced their existing knowledge but rather only validated what they already knew. Similarly, symbolical use of evidence-based practice, in which decision makers use the evidence to confirm their beliefs and the programmatic decisions they had already made, was observed in government agencies across education, health, and social services (Amara, Ouimet & Landry, 2004;Milner, Estabrooks, & Humphrey, 2005) as well as in addiction agencies serving women (Jack et al, 2011).…”