A Quantum-Based Microwave Magnetic Field Sensor

Shi, Hao; Ma, Jie; Li, Xiaofeng; Liu, Jie; Li, Chao; Zhang, Shougang

doi:10.3390/s18103288

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…interactions. These remarkable properties endow Rydberg atoms with tremendous potential in the fields of quantum information processing [1][2][3][4], quantum sensors [5,6], and the measurement of atomic fundamental physical constants [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of microwave electric field measurement sensitivity via dual-microwave-dressed electromagnetically induced transparency in Rydberg atoms

Yuan¹,

Jin²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Laser Phys. Lett.

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We present a mechanism for improving the sensitivity of microwave (MW) electric field (E-field) measurement using dual-MW-dressed electromagnetically induced transparency in a 5S 1/2–5P 3/2–56D 5/2–57P 3/2 85Rb atomic coherent system. An auxiliary MW (A-MW) field is introduced into the MW E-field measurement system, which consists of a probe, coupling lasers, and a target MW (T-MW) field. When the A-MW field frequency is tuned to be the same as the T-MW field and its power is adjusted to a suitable range, the T-MW field strength can be read out effectively. Finally, the sensitivity of MW E-field measurement is improved by about two orders of magnitude compared to that without an A-MW field. In addition, this mechanism is proven to be applicable for all frequency bands covered by Rydberg energy levels. This work opens up a novel pathway for the realization of high-sensitivity MW E-field measurement with Rydberg atoms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of microwave electric field measurement sensitivity via dual-microwave-dressed electromagnetically induced transparency in Rydberg atoms

Yuan¹,

Jin²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Laser Phys. Lett.

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show abstract

“…In analogy to standard candles in astronomy, the Rabi-flopping atoms respond to AC and DC fields in exactly the same way in all laboratories, making them "atomic candles" [12,13] for electromagnetic power standards. This technique has also attracted significant interest for its applications for AC magnetometry inside MW cavities [5,14], MW wave guides [15][16][17], and in free space [5,[18][19][20][21]. Applying static magnetic fields [14] and using multispecies vapor cells [5] adds frequency tunability and expands the operational bandwidth of this technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Rabi resonances beyond the small-signal regime

Tretiakov

LeBlanc

2019

Phys. Rev. A

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The coupling between microwave fields and atoms (or atom-like systems) is inherently weaker than for optical fields, making microwave signal manipulation for applications like quantum information processing technically challenging. In order to better understand this coupling and to develop tools for measuring it, we explore the microwave coupling to atoms using the "atomic candle" technique, and push it beyond the bounds of the small-signal regime in order to deliver a larger signal. In familiar two-level systems, responses beyond the usual Rabi oscillations can arise when a single-tone drive is phase-modulated, causing the steady-state populations to oscillate at integer harmonics of the modulation frequency. Resonant behavior of the first two harmonics for frequencies near the Rabi frequency, known as α and β Rabi resonances, is widely used for microwave-field magnetometry and as a power standard known as the atomic candle. Here, we explore Rabi resonances beyond the smallsignal approximation and report upon experimental observations of higher-harmonic population response for microwave hyperfine transitions in cold 87 Rb atoms, which we compare to numerical simulations.

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“…Quantum-based MW field detection technologies, such as super quantum interference device [8] and cold atoms [9], which offer high sensitivity, require extreme measurement conditions. Vapor cell devices [10,11] that are capable of high sensitivity MW field sensing at near room temperature have a spatial resolution confined to sub-100 μm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting Axial Ratio of Microwave Field with High Resolution Using NV Centers in Diamond

Zheng

et al. 2019

Sensors

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Polarization property characterization of the microwave (MW) field with high speed and resolution is vitally beneficial as the circularly-polarized MW field plays an important role in the development of quantum technologies and satellite communication technologies. In this work, we propose a scheme to detect the axial ratio of the MW field with optical diffraction limit resolution with a nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond. Firstly, the idea of polarization selective detection of the MW magnetic field is carried out using a single NV center implanted in a type-IIa CVD diamond with a confocal microscope system achieving a sensitivity of 1.7 μT/Hz. Then, high speed wide-field characterization of the MW magnetic field at the submillimeter scale is realized by combining wide-field microscopy and ensemble NV centers inherent in a general CVD diamond. The precision axial ratio can be detected by measuring the magnitudes of two counter-rotating circularly-polarized MW magnetic fields. The wide-field detection of the axial ratio and strength parameters of microwave fields enables high speed testing of small-scale microwave devices.

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A Quantum-Based Microwave Magnetic Field Sensor

Cited by 16 publications

References 38 publications

Improvement of microwave electric field measurement sensitivity via dual-microwave-dressed electromagnetically induced transparency in Rydberg atoms

Improvement of microwave electric field measurement sensitivity via dual-microwave-dressed electromagnetically induced transparency in Rydberg atoms

Microwave Rabi resonances beyond the small-signal regime

Detecting Axial Ratio of Microwave Field with High Resolution Using NV Centers in Diamond

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