A Radiographic Demonstration of the Circulation through the Heart in the Adult and in the Fœtus, and the Identification of the Ductus Arteriosus

The patency of the ductus arteriosus in newborn lambs and its physiological consequences

“…It is evident from the observations recorded in the present paper that this rapid injection increases the output of the right heart and distorts the normal pressure relations across the ductus arteriosus just at the very moment when the contrast medium reaches this area. The consequent sudden rise of pressure in the pulmonary trunk may well account for the curious stub which was filled with contrast medium from the pulmonary trunk and remarked upon by Barclay et al (1939). We therefore do not believe that their observations are incompatible with our own, which suggest that the ductus arteriosus is open for many hours after birth.…”

“…In the living lamb, the only other experimental evidence on this point is that of Barclay, Barcroft, Barron & Franklin (1939), of which a more detailed account was given by Barclay, Franklin & Prichard (1944). Contrast medium was injected via the superior vena cava, and in a number of radiographs a stub was observed projecting from the pulmonary trunk at the site of the ductus arteriosus, which was thought to be 'the blind end of the functionally closed vessel'.…”

Dye Dilution Curves and Cardiac Output in Newborn Infants

“…The mechanism of closure of both the ductus arteriosus and ductus venosus is incompletely understood. The exact time of physiological closure of any of the fetal pathways has not been proven ill the human newborn, although a great deal of ilnformation has been gained from the work of Barclay, Barcroft and others who studied the closure of these channels in animals, particularly ill lambs (15,16). Their findings are, however, not necessarily applicable to the human infant.…”

Visualization of the Coronary Arteries during Life

“…A radiopaque medium was injected through a catheter inserted via the brachial artery into the ascending aorta and the coronary arteries were demonstrated roentgenographically. These studies have been continued and, to date, successful visualization of the coronary arteries in 13 dogs and 5 human beings has been obtained. The purpose of the present report is to describe the technic and hazards of coronary arteriography and to record additional experiences in this field.…”