A randomized controlled efficacy trial of a smoking prevention programme with Grade 8 students in high schools

Thurston, Allen; Dunne, Laura; Kee, Frank; Gildea, Aideen; Craig, Nicole; Stark, Patrick; Lazenbatt, Anne

doi:10.1016/j.ijer.2018.10.003

Cited by 10 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This is an electrochemical sensor which measures expelled air carbon monoxide in parts per million (ppm) in a range of 0-150 ppm with an accuracy of 2 ppm/5% (whichever is greater) 50 . A pupil was considered to have engaged in smoking behavior if they provided a reading of > 9 ppm in line with previous research 35,51 . We analysed objective smoking behavior as a continuous variable (expelled air carbon monoxide in ppm) 35 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…We aimed to recruit all pupils in a single year group (aged 11–13 years/Year 9 in NI and 11–15 years/Year 7 in Bogotá, target age 12–13 years). During a single school semester, participants received one of two school-based smoking prevention programmes with proven effectiveness 11 , 35 . In a pre-post design, pupils participated in incentivized (monetary) norms elicitation experiments, whose design is rooted in the fields of behavioral economics and game theory 16 , 17 , 36 , and completed a self-report survey.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Confirmatory factor analysis comparing incentivized experiments with self-report methods to elicit adolescent smoking and vaping social norms

Murray

Kimbrough

Krupka

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Many adolescent smoking prevention programmes target social norms, typically evaluated with self-report, susceptible to social desirability bias. An alternative approach with little application in public health are experimental norms elicitation methods. Using the Mechanisms of Networks and Norms Influence on Smoking in Schools (MECHANISMS) study baseline data, from 12–13 year old school pupils (n = 1656) in Northern Ireland and Bogotá (Colombia), we compare two methods of measuring injunctive and descriptive smoking and vaping norms: (1) incentivized experiments, using monetary payments to elicit norms; (2) self-report scales. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) examined whether the methods measured the same construct. Paths from exposures (country, sex, personality) to social norms, and associations of norms with (self-reported and objectively measured) smoking behavior/intentions were inspected in another structural model. Second-order CFA showed that latent variables representing experimental and survey norms measurements were measuring the same underlying construct of anti-smoking/vaping norms (Comparative Fit Index = 0.958, Tucker Lewis Index = 0.951, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.030, Standardized Root Mean Square Residual = 0.034). Adding covariates into a structural model showed significant paths from country to norms (second-order anti-smoking/vaping norms latent variable: standardized factor loading [β] = 0.30, standard error [SE] = 0.09, p < 0.001), and associations of norms with self-reported anti-smoking behavior (β = 0.40, SE = 0.04, p < 0.001), self-reported anti-smoking intentions (β = 0.42, SE = 0.06, p < 0.001), and objectively measured smoking behavior (β = − 0.20, SE = 0.06, p = 0.001). This paper offers evidence for the construct validity of behavioral economic methods of eliciting adolescent smoking and vaping norms. These methods seem to index the same underlying phenomena as commonly-used self-report scales.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confirmatory factor analysis comparing incentivized experiments with self-report methods to elicit adolescent smoking and vaping social norms

Murray

Kimbrough

Krupka

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…Two classes were selected from the other three schools as a control and intervention pair, because a second school with similar characteristics was not available. Full details are available in the evaluation [14].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dead Cool is a school based smoking prevention programme developed by Cancer Focus Northern Ireland [14]. It comprises materials for four lessons to be delivered by teachers in their own classes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of social environment in preventing smoking: an analysis of the Dead Cool intervention

et al. 2019

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Background An adolescent’s perceptions of their family’s and friends’ smoking attitudes and behaviour can influence their own uptake of smoking. There are two broad sources of such social influence: observing the behaviour directly, and assimilating attitudes. Methods We analysed data collected for the evaluation of Dead Cool, a school based smoking prevention intervention in Northern Ireland ( n =480 in 20 clusters). The main analysis fits three nested logistic regression models predicting pre-intervention susceptibility to taking up smoking, as reflected in responses to three attitudinal questions. Model 1 includes only personal characteristics as explanatory factors. Model 2 adds the behaviour of friends and family that would provide an opportunity for social influence through observational learning. Model 3 adds the susceptibility of friends. Results Each additional group of variables improved the model fit (with reduced AIC and BIC). However, in the final model, only three variables were found to be statistically significant ( p <0.05) in predicting susceptibility to smoking initiation: rebelliousness (OR [1.1,1.3]) from the personal characteristics group; and, in the observational learning group, being friends with a smoker (OR [1.0,2.9]) and frequency of being in the same room or car with someone smoking (OR [2.0,9.0] for most frequent). Adding the two measures of diffusion of susceptibility through the friendship network improved the model fit, but neither was found to be statistically significant. Conclusions The analysis provides additional evidence to support policies that could reduce children’s exposure to smoking behaviour, and potential subsequent smoking initiation. No conclusions could be drawn about the diffusion of smoking attitudes through the school friendship networks of children. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-019-7485-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Penelitian kualitatif yang dilakukan Thurthon menyebutkan bahwa peranan orang dewasa dalam berperilaku tidak merokok dapat meningkatkan kepercayaan diri pada remaja untuk mengikuti program pencegahan merokok (Thurston et al, 2019). Dukungan stakeholder pada sekolah dalam hal ini adalah dinas pendidikan yaitu berupa pendanaan dan anggaran sosialisasi peraturan, serta monitoring KTR, sedangkan yang diberikan puskesmas mayoritas sebagai narasumber dalam penyelenggaraan sosialisasi.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Implementasi Kawasan Tanpa Rokok Sebagai Pencegahan Merokok Pada Remaja Awal

Marchel¹,

Indraswari

Handayani

2019

JPK

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Background:Smoking behavior has been widespread in all community groups both globally and nationally, including adolescents. Middle school and equivalent is the main education for early teens, so it is necessary to create a non-smoking area in the school environment. Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of non-smoking areas in schools. Methods: The study used analytic descriptive and observational with cross-sectional approaches. Data were obtained using a structured questionnaire which was trialed at ten schools. The population of this study was 86 schools in Madiun Regency. Interviews were conducted with the person in charge of a smoking area in junior high school. The person responsible can be in the position of the principal, deputy, teacher, or public relations officer. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis. Results: Bivariate analysis shows that there is a relationship between the implementation of a non-smoking area with the availability of financial resources with a p-value of 0.004 and the support of infrastructure with a pvalue of 0.001. While there is no relationship between the implementation of the nonsmoking area with the availability of human resources and policy support. Conclusion: The implementation of non-smoking areas in junior high schools and equivalent is not yet optimal, because there are still students, teachers and employees who behave in the school environment. ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Perilaku merokok sudah meluas pada seluruh kelompok masyarakat baik secara global maupun nasional, termasuk pada remaja. Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) dan sederajat merupakan pendidikan utama untuk remaja awal, sehingga perlu mewujudkan kawasan tanpa rokok di lingkungan sekolah. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis implementasi Kawasan Tanpa Rokok (KTR) di sekolah. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan deskriptif analitik dan observasi dengan pendekatan crosssectional. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur yang telah diuji cobakan di sepuluh sekolah. Populasi penelitian ini sebanyak 86 sekolah di Kabupaten Madiun. Wawancara dilakukan pada penanggung jawab Kawasan Tanpa Rokok di SMP. Penanggung jawab tersebut bisa pada jabatan kepala sekolah, wakil, guru, atau humas. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat. Hasil: Analisis bivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan implementasi kawasan tanpa rokok dengan ketersediaan sumber dana dengan p-value 0,004 dan dukungan sarana prasarana dengan p-value 0,001. Sedangkan tidak ada hubungan antara implementasi Kawasan Tanpa Rokok dengan ketersediaan sumber daya manusia dan dukungan kebijakan. Kesimpulan: Implementasi Kawasan Tanpa Rokok di SMP dan sederajat masih belum maksimal, karena masih terdapat siswa, guru, dan karyawan yang berperilaku merokok di lingkungan sekolah.

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A randomized controlled efficacy trial of a smoking prevention programme with Grade 8 students in high schools

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

Confirmatory factor analysis comparing incentivized experiments with self-report methods to elicit adolescent smoking and vaping social norms

Confirmatory factor analysis comparing incentivized experiments with self-report methods to elicit adolescent smoking and vaping social norms

The importance of social environment in preventing smoking: an analysis of the Dead Cool intervention

Implementasi Kawasan Tanpa Rokok Sebagai Pencegahan Merokok Pada Remaja Awal

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