A randomized, controlled, split‐face study of topical timolol maleate 0.5% eye drops for the treatment of erythematotelangiectatic rosacea

Abstract

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory cutaneous disease with varying prevalence. The pathophysiologic mechanisms include an interaction between genetic and environmental factors, neurovascular dysregulation, and increased immune response. These mechanisms lead to the main symptoms of inflammation, vasodilation, and angiogenesis. The classification of rosacea involves four subtypes designated as follows: subtype 1, erythematotelangiectatic; subtype 2, papulopustular; subtype 3, phymatous; subtype 4, ocular. Rosacea usually commences with a flush-like temporary dilation of capillaries and transient erythema. Once the facial vasculature becomes chronically dilated, persistent erythema can become established, known as erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR) or subtype 1. [1][2][3] However, the current recommendations now suggest that patients with rosacea should be characterized by individual clinical signs and symptoms, because the focus on subtypes tended to ignore the progression from one type to another. New scientific evidence has

Exploring the Pathogenesis and Mechanism-Targeted Treatments of Rosacea: Previous Understanding and Updates

“…In another study, 16 patients with mild to moderate ETR were enrolled in a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled split-face study, where the side of the face treated with timolol maleate 0.5% eye drops applied with wet compresses every night for 28 days showed significant improvements in the Clinician Erythema Assessment (CEA) and a patient self-assessment (PSA). Although one case of local adverse reaction occurred, it resolved on its own [ 224 ]. However, a single-arm clinical study involving 58 patients with ETR and PPR found that although topical timolol 0.5% improved clinical parameters of rosacea, it did not reach statistical significance.…”