A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Telephone Intervention for Alcohol Misuse With Injured Emergency Department Patients

Mello, Michael J.; Baird, Janette; Lee, Christina; Strezsak, Valerie; French, Michael T.; Longabaugh, Richard

doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.09.021

Cited by 17 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The parent study, from which these data are drawn, ReDIAL, did not demonstrate any superior effects of a telephone intervention compared to an attention placebo control condition in reducing alcohol use, alcohol-related negative consequences or impaired driving (Mello et al 2016). However, the parent study recruited participants with all types of injury mechanisms into the study and did not specifically focus on MVC-related injuries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants in both conditions received the protocol after discharge from the ED. For complete description of these intervention conditions, including information about training and fidelity, please refer to prior publication (Mello et al 2016). Participants were contacted via phone or email at 4, 8, and 12 months following recruitment to complete follow-up assessments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ReDIAL study was a randomized controlled trial designed to test the effectiveness of three sessions of telephone-delivered BI, compared to an attention control condition, in reducing alcohol use, injuries and drinking and driving among injured ED patients (Mello et al 2016). This parent study found that while those patients in the BI condition decreased alcohol use, alcohol-related negative consequences and injuries and reported less drinking and driving, these changes were also found for the attention placebo control group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examining motor vehicle crash involvement and readiness to change on drinking and driving behaviors among injured emergency department patients

Baird

Yang

Strezsak

et al. 2017

Traffic Injury Prevention

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Objective: To measure the effect of motor vehicle crash (MVC) involvement and readiness to change drinking and driving behaviors on subsequent driving and drinking behaviors among injured emergency department (ED) patients who use alcohol at harmful levels. Methods: A secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial of injured ED patients who screened positive for harmful alcohol use, who at recruitment reported driving in the past 12 months and received at least one of the intended intervention sessions (brief behavioral intervention versus attention placebo control [N = 407]). Outcome variables were: 1) change in six impaired driving behaviors, 2) report of MVCs and traffic violations in the 12 months following recruitment; predictor variables were: 1) treatment assignment, 2) MVC involvement at recruitment, and 3) baseline readiness to change alcohol use and drinking and driving. Results: Modeling of change in the six impaired driving variables indicated that neither the recruitment visits being MVC-related, nor baseline readiness to change alcohol use and drinking and driving behaviors, predicted greater changes in impaired driving over time. Baseline reports of past moving traffic violations and the ED visit being MVC related predicted a greater likelihood of each behavior at 12 months following study recruitment. Conclusions: This study and others have demonstrated that ED patients with harmful alcohol use are willing to engage in behavioral interventions directed at changing risky behaviors. However, this study did not demonstrate that patients considered having the potential to be more engaged with the intervention, because their ED visit was MVC-related and/or they had expressed intent to change their risky alcohol use and drinking and driving behaviors, were more likely to change these risky behaviors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examining motor vehicle crash involvement and readiness to change on drinking and driving behaviors among injured emergency department patients

Baird

Yang

Strezsak

et al. 2017

Traffic Injury Prevention

Self Cite

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“…This observational, cross-sectional study was nested within a randomized controlled trial registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01326169) 12. Trained research assistants (RAs) screened patients in two EDs in a northeastern U.S. city.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Sectional Study of Risky Substance Use by Injured Emergency Department Patients

Strezsak

Baird

Lee

et al. 2017

WestJEM

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IntroductionSurvey data regarding the prevalence of risky substance use in the emergency department (ED) is not consistent. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of risky substance use among injured ED patients based on the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST v3.0). A secondary objective was to report on the feasibility of administering the ASSIST to this population, based on the time to conduct screening.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used screening data from a randomized controlled trial. Injured ED patients completed the ASSIST on a tablet computer, and an ASSIST score was computed that indicated the need for a brief or intensive treatment intervention (risky use) for alcohol and other substances. For a subsample, data on time to complete each step of screening was recorded.ResultsBetween July 2010 and March 2013, 5,695 patients completed the ASSIST. Most (92%) reported lifetime use of at least one substance and 51% reported current risky use of at least one substance. Mean time to complete the ASSIST was 5.4 minutes and screening was considered feasible even when paused for clinical care to proceed.ConclusionEstimates of risky substance use based on the ASSIST in our large sample of injured ED patients were higher than previously reported in other studies of ED patients, possibly due to the current focus on an injured population. In addition, it was feasible to administer the ASSIST to patients in the course of their clinical care.

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“…Additional studies, including several from PECARN (Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network), have achieved very low attrition rates through a rigorous pre-defined systematic approach, a waiver of informed consent when appropriate, low-intensity and communication-based follow-up processes. 19–21 …”

Section: Challenges Of Minimizing Attrition In Multi-site Emergency Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimizing Attrition for Multisite Emergency Care Research

Nicks

Shah

Adler

et al. 2017

Academic Emergency Medicine

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Loss to follow-up of enrolled patients (aka attrition) is a major threat to study validity and power. Minimizing attrition can be challenging even under ideal research conditions, including the presence of adequate funding, experienced study personnel, and a refined research infrastructure. Emergency care research is shifting towards enrollment through multi-site networks, but there have been limited descriptions of approaches to minimize attrition for these multi-center emergency care studies. This concept paper describes a stepwise approach to minimize attrition, using a case example of a multi-site emergency department prospective cohort of over 3,000 patients that has achieved a 30-day direct phone follow-up attrition rate of < 3%. The seven areas of approach to minimize attrition in this study focused on patient selection, baseline contact data collection, patient incentives, patient tracking, central phone banks, local enrollment site assistance and continuous performance monitoring. Appropriate study design, including consideration of these methods to reduce attrition, will be time well spent and may improve study validity.

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A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Telephone Intervention for Alcohol Misuse With Injured Emergency Department Patients

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

Examining motor vehicle crash involvement and readiness to change on drinking and driving behaviors among injured emergency department patients

Examining motor vehicle crash involvement and readiness to change on drinking and driving behaviors among injured emergency department patients

Cross-Sectional Study of Risky Substance Use by Injured Emergency Department Patients

Minimizing Attrition for Multisite Emergency Care Research

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