A Randomized Controlled Trial to Increase Navy Bean or Rice Bran Consumption in Colorectal Cancer Survivors

Abstract

Consumption of navy beans (NB) and rice bran (RB) have been shown to inhibit colon carcinogenesis. Given the overall poor diet quality in colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors and low reported intake of whole grains and legumes, practical strategies to increase consumption merit attention. This study determined feasibility of increasing NB or RB intake in CRC survivors to increase dietary fiber and examined serum inflammatory biomarkers and telomere lengths. Twenty-nine participants completed a randomized-controlled trial with foods that included cooked NB powder (35g/day), heat-stabilized RB (30g/day), or no additional ingredient. Fasting blood, food logs, and gastrointestinal health questionnaires were collected. The amount of NB or RB consumed equated to 4–9% of participants daily caloric intake and no major gastrointestinal issues were reported with increased consumption. Dietary fiber amounts increased in NB and RB groups at weeks 2 and 4 compared to baseline and to control (p≤0.01). Telomere length correlated with age and HDL-cholesterol at baseline, and with improved serum amyloid A (SAA) levels at week 4 (p≤0.05). This study concludes feasibility of increased dietary NB and RB consumption to levels associated with CRC chemoprevention and warrants longer-term investigations with both foods in high-risk populations that include cancer prevention and control outcomes.

Dietary supplementation with rice bran or navy bean alters gut bacterial metabolism in colorectal cancer survivors

“…Therefore, reduction of Firmicutes may provide some protection against CRC. Both NBP and SRB increased total fiber in the participants’ diets ; and while NBP increased gut bacterial richness, it did not change the F:B ratio. Furthermore, NBP had two to five differentiating bacterial taxa at 14 and 28 days compared to 20+ for SRB (Supporting Information Table 2).…”

“…All participants provided written informed consent prior to enrollment. Participant recruitment, exclusion criteria, study design, and sample collection is described in detail in Borresen et al [32].…”

The anti-cancer activity and potential clinical application of rice bran extracts and fermentation products

“…85 A heat-stabilized rice bran diet offers the benets of bacterial richness and diversity in the gut, helps with microbial metabolism, modulates stool metabolite proles, and contributes to chemoprevention in colorectal cancer survivors. [86][87][88] The function of rice bran in altering gut microbiota might contribute to the relief of adverse gastrointestinal effects in cancer patients during chemotherapy. A study that enrolled patients with cervical cancer indicated that the oral intake of hydrolyzed rice bran effectively attenuated the diarrheal side effects of chemotherapy.…”

Comparative Rice Bran Metabolomics across Diverse Cultivars and Functional Rice Gene-Bran Metabolite Relationships

“…Polished white rice is the major product with rice milling yields of 65-70% and the by-products comprised of 20% rice husk and 8-12% rice bran [8]. Rice bran has a broad spectrum of health benefits [9][10][11][12], partially due to a diverse array of bioactive metabolites [13,14]. Rice bran bioactive components include, but are not limited to γ-oryzanol [15], tocopherols, tocotrienols [16], carotenoids [17], γ-aminobutyric acid [18], octacosanol [19], squalene [20], unsaturated fatty acids [21], phytosterols and phenolic compounds [22].…”