A Randomized Trial on the Effect of Decreased Dietary Sodium Intake on Blood Pressure in Adolescents

Cooper, Richard S.; Horn, Linda Van; Liu, Kiang; Trevisan, Maurizio; Nanas, Seraphim; Ueshima, Hirotsugu; Larbi, E.; Yu, Chiu-Sheng; Sempos, Christopher T.; LeGrady, Dan; Stamler, Jeremiah

doi:10.1097/00004872-198402040-00006

Cited by 20 publications

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“…Howe 42 reported no significant change in BP values between 11-14 year old students with high-sodium intake and increased sodium excretion with respect to students on low-sodium diets. In a randomized crossover trial, Cooper 43 found that 24 days of sodium restriction was ineffective in changing BP values in normotensive adolescents. Finally, Yang 10 reported that the association between BP values and salt intake is stronger among individuals with overweight or obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood pressure and sodium intake from snacks in adolescents

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood pressure and sodium intake from snacks in adolescents

et al. 2015

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“…16 ' 17 In addition, it has been suggested that weight loss without a concomitant reduction in sodium intake does not lead to reductions in blood pressure. 5 Although the present analyses cannot address these issues directly, results from previous analyses showing that BMI was significantly related to both systolic and diastolic blood pressures, independent of sodium and potassium excretion, 1 and the present results showing that sodium and potassium excretions were significantly related to systolic pressure throughout the range of BMI indicate that the effects of sodium intake and overweight on blood pressure are additive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body mass index and associations of sodium and potassium with blood pressure in INTERSALT.

et al. 1994

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This report further examines the relation of body mass index (BMI) to associations of 24-hour urinary sodium, potassium, and sodium-potassium ratio with blood pressure in INTERSALT, a 52-center international study of electrolytes and blood pressure. Analyses without adjustment for BMI indicated average systolic pressure greater by 6.00 mm Hg per 100 mmol higher sodium and diastolic by 2.52 mm Hg. With adjustment for BMI, these values were reduced to 3.14 and 0.14 mm Hg, respectively. For the sodium-potassium ratio, blood pressure associations were stronger when not adjusted for BMI, and for potassium, adjustment generally had little effect. To explore possible interactions of these variables with BMI in relation to blood pressure, the 52 centers were divided into two groups of 26 based on whether the center median for BMI was less than or greater than or equal to 24.5 kg/m 2 , and individuals within each of the 52 centers were classified into lower-or higher-BMI groups based on individual BMI less than or greater than or equal to 24.1 kg/m 2 . Sodium and the I NTERSALT is an international study of the relations of electrolyte excretion and other factors to blood pressure carried out in 52 centers from 32 countries. Previous reports from INTERSALT indicated that body mass index (BMI), 24-hour urinary sodium and potassium excretions, and the sodiumpotassium ratio were all independently related to blood pressure of individuals 13 and that sodium and potassium excretions of individuals were both positively correlated with BMI.2 In addition, pooled regression coefficients for sodium, potassium, and sodium-potassium ratio with blood pressure that were adjusted only for age and sex when compared with the coefficients also adjusted for alcohol intake and BMI (as well as potassium for sodium, and sodium for potassium) suggested that adjustment for BMI had a substantial effect on observed electrolyte-blood pressure associations in INTERSALT. Correspondence to Dr Alan R. Dyer, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, 680 N Lake Shore Dr, Suite 1102, Chicago, IL 60611. sodium-potassium ratio were positively and significantly and potassium inversely and significantly related to systolic pressure in all four of these subgroups, and the sodium-potassium ratio and potassium were related to diastolic pressure in two and three subgroups, respectively. Electrolyte-blood pressure associations did not differ significantly between the two subgroups of centers or between the two subgroups based on individuals. Although these results indicate that adjustment for BMI has an important effect on INTERSALT associations of sodium and the sodium-potassium ratio with blood pressure and may represent an overadjustment, they also indicate that each of the three variables is related to blood pressure throughout the BMI range. Thus, they do not support the concept of important interactions of sodium and potassium with BMI in relation to blood pressure. Intervention studies of the effects of weight loss, ...

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“…Cooper et al 19 found that in 16-year-old adolescents, reducing Na intake from 110 to 45 mEq per day during 24 days did not significantly lower BP. Other population-based studies of children have failed to demonstrate a relationship between Na intake and BP.…”

Section: Sodium Intake and Blood Pressurementioning

confidence: 98%

Blood pressure and urinary excretion of electrolytes in Spanish schoolchildren

et al. 2002

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Despite the importance of hypertension in adults, its effects on child health are poorly understood. This cross-sectional epidemiological study was designed to look for a relationship between elevated blood pressure (BP) in children and 24-h urinary excretion of sodium (Na) and potassium (K), and between BP and dietary salt intake. The study population was all 59 856 schoolchildren aged 6 to 14 years in the province of Almería in southern Spain, among whom 613 participants were chosen randomly for study. We measured 24-h urinary Na and K concentrations, systolic and diastolic BP, body weight and height. There was a weak correlation between Na excretion and systolic BP (r = 0.18, 95% confidence interval 0.10-0.26), and between K excretion and systolic BP (r = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.04 -0.20). Body

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A Randomized Trial on the Effect of Decreased Dietary Sodium Intake on Blood Pressure in Adolescents

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Blood pressure and sodium intake from snacks in adolescents

Blood pressure and sodium intake from snacks in adolescents

Body mass index and associations of sodium and potassium with blood pressure in INTERSALT.

Blood pressure and urinary excretion of electrolytes in Spanish schoolchildren

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