A Rapid Point-of-Care Test for the Serodiagnosis of Hepatitis Delta Virus Infection

Lempp, Florian A.; Roggenbach, Imme; Nkongolo, Shirin; Sakin, Volkan; Schlund, Franziska; Schnitzler, Paul; Wedemeyer, Heiner; Gal, Frédéric Le; Gordien, Emmanuel; Yurdaydın, Cihan; Urban, Stephan

doi:10.3390/v13122371

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…[123] Recently, an HDV rapid test based on a lateral flow assay has been reported to reliably detect anti-HDV antibodies. [124] Unlike EIA-PCR or qRT-PCR-based assays, sampling does not have to be performed in batches, and it does not require specialized laboratory equipment or personnel. Furthermore, a consensus pangenotypic recombinant HDAg, allowing the detection of anti-HDV from different genotypes, was generated.…”

Section: Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis delta: Epidemiology to recent advances in therapeutic agents

et al. 2023

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Hepatitis D virus (HDV) was first described in 1977 and is dependent on the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) for its entry into cells and on the human host for replication. Due to the envelopment with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) envelope, early phases of HDV entry resemble HBV infection. Unlike HBV, HDV activates innate immune responses. The global prevalence of HDV is estimated to be about 5% of HBsAg positive individuals. However, recent studies have described a wide range of prevalence between 12 to 72 million individuals. Infection can occur as super-infection or co-infection. The diagnosis of active HDV infection involves screening with anti HDV antibodies followed by quantitative PCR testing for HDV RNA in those who are HBsAg positive. The diagnostic studies have evolved over the years improving the validity and reliability of the tests performed. HDV infection is considered the most severe form of viral hepatitis and the HDV genotype may influence the disease course. There are eight major HDV genotypes with prevalence varying by geographic region. HDV treatment has been challenging as HDV strongly depends on the host cell for replication and provides few, if any viral targets. Better understanding of HDV virology has led to the development of several therapeutic agents currently being studied in different phase II and III clinical trials. There is increasing promise of effective therapies that will ameliorate the course of this devastating disease.

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Section: Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, an HDV rapid test based on a lateral flow assay has been reported to reliably detect anti-HDV antibodies 124 . Unlike EIA-PCR or qRT-PCR-based assays, sampling does not have to be performed in batches, and it does not require specialized laboratory equipment or personnel.…”

Section: Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis delta: Epidemiology to recent advances in therapeutic agents

et al. 2023

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“…In Taiwan, the number of deaths caused by liver cancer is the highest or second highest among all deaths caused by cancers [ 27 , 28 ]. A main factor causing liver cancer is HBV infection, and approximately 400 million people worldwide have the virus [ 29 , 30 ]. The main route of transmission is through blood or body fluids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon Nanowires Length and Numbers Dependence on Sensitivity of the Field-Effect Transistor Sensor for Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen Detection

2022

Biosensors

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Silicon nanowire field effect transistor (NWFET) sensors have been demonstrated to have high sensitivity, are label free, and offer specific detection. This study explored the effect of nanowire dimensions on sensors’ sensitivity. We used sidewall spacer etching to fabricate polycrystalline silicon NWFET sensors. This method does not require expensive nanoscale exposure systems and reduces fabrication costs. We designed transistor sensors with nanowires of various lengths and numbers. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was used as the sensing target to explore the relationships of nanowire length and number with biomolecule detection. The experimental results revealed that the sensor with a 3 µm nanowire exhibited high sensitivity in detecting low concentrations of HBsAg. However, the sensor reached saturation when the biomolecule concentration exceeded 800 fg/mL. Sensors with 1.6 and 5 µm nanowires exhibited favorable linear sensing ranges at concentrations from 800 ag/mL to 800 pg/mL. The results regarding the number of nanowires revealed that the use of few nanowires in transistor sensors increases sensitivity. The results demonstrate the effects of nanowire dimensions on the silicon NWFET biosensors.

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“…Contact of a test strip with the tested sample initiates the lateral flow of the immune reactants along the membranes and the assay results can be visualized within 10–15 min by the coloration of the test strip zones [ 5 ]. Successful development of the LFIA-based serodiagnosis of various diseases is presented in several publications [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. As an additional application, the assessment of the vaccine effectiveness and the organism’s protection against infections can be mentioned [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silent Antibodies Start Talking: Enhanced Lateral Flow Serodiagnosis with Two-Stage Incorporation of Labels into Immune Complexes

et al. 2022

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The presence of pathogen-specific antibodies in the blood is widely controlled by a serodiagnostic technique based on the lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA). However, its common one-stage format with an antigen immobilized in the binding zone of a test strip and a nanodispersed label conjugated with immunoglobulin-binding proteins is associated with risks of very low analytical signals. In this study, the first stage of the immunochromatographic serodiagnosis was carried out in its traditional format using a conjugate of gold nanoparticles with staphylococcal immunoglobulin-binding protein A and an antigen immobilized on a working membrane. At the second stage, a labeled immunoglobulin-binding protein was added, which enhanced the coloration of the bound immune complexes. The use of two separated steps, binding of specific antibodies, and further coloration of the formed complexes, allowed for a significant reduction of the influence of non-specific immunoglobulins on the assay results. The proposed approach was applied for the serodiagnosis using a recombinant RBD protein of SARS-CoV-2. As a result, an increase in the intensity of test zone coloration by more than two orders of magnitude was demonstrated, which enabled the significant reduction of false-negative results. The diagnostic sensitivity of the LFIA was 62.5% for the common format and 100% for the enhanced format. Moreover, the diagnostic specificity of both variants was 100%.

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A Rapid Point-of-Care Test for the Serodiagnosis of Hepatitis Delta Virus Infection

Cited by 17 publications

References 35 publications

Hepatitis delta: Epidemiology to recent advances in therapeutic agents

Hepatitis delta: Epidemiology to recent advances in therapeutic agents

Silicon Nanowires Length and Numbers Dependence on Sensitivity of the Field-Effect Transistor Sensor for Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen Detection

Silent Antibodies Start Talking: Enhanced Lateral Flow Serodiagnosis with Two-Stage Incorporation of Labels into Immune Complexes

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