A rapid quantitation of platelet‐associated igg by nephelometry

Morse, Bernard S.; Giuliani, Dennis; Nussbaum, Murray

doi:10.1002/ajh.2830120309

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…We also considered that PAIg might affect platelet activation in MM. PAIg have been reported as increased in subsets of IgG MM patients in several studies 50‐53 . Paraproteins with specificity for GPIIIa 54 and VWF 55‐57 have also been reported with platelet function affected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Platelet hyperactivation in multiple myeloma is also evident in patients with premalignant monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance

et al. 2020

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Thrombotic events are common in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), smouldering myeloma (SM) and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Previous studies have indicated platelet hyperactivation as a feature of thrombotic risk in MM, but there is a dearth of data in MGUS. In the present study, multiparameter analysis of platelet activation and responsiveness was investigated by flow cytometry in patients with MGUS, SM/MM and healthy controls (HCs). The median platelet surface CD63 levels, annexin V and PAC-1 antibody (specific for activated integrin aIIbb3) binding were significantly elevated in patients with MGUS versus the HCs. These markers were also elevated in SM/MM, but not significantly. In all, 74% of MGUS and 38% of SM/MM patients had one or more elevated marker of platelet activation, compared to 19% of the HCs. Marker-specific hyporesponsiveness of platelets to agonist [adenosine diphosphate (ADP), thrombin receptor-activating peptide 6] stimulation in vitro was observed, with significantly reduced surface levels of Pselectin in response to ADP in patients with MGUS. Platelet-leucocyte aggregates were not altered in patients, while platelet-associated immunoglobulins were elevated in a subset of patients. Overall, we found that platelet hyperactivation is prevalent in both MGUS and SM/MM patients and is potentially related to hyporesponsiveness. These observations suggest that further investigation of the predictive and prognostic value of platelet hyperactivation in such patients is warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Platelet hyperactivation in multiple myeloma is also evident in patients with premalignant monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance

et al. 2020

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“…Many tests have been devised to measure the circulating antibody to platelets on the antibody bound to the surface membrane (platelet-associated immunoglobulin-PAIgGm PAIgM, PAIgA). Among these are the antiglobulin consumption test (complement lysis inhibition) (7); the release of various platelet factors such as platelet factor III, serotonin, and adenosine (8); %r release assay (9); ' "I staphylococcal protein A (10); immunofluorescence (11); enzyme-linked immunoassays (12); electroimmunoassay (13); nephelometry (14); and flow cytometry (15)(16)(17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow cytometry analysis of platelet antibodies

Finley

Williams

Fletcher

1988

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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We have devised assays to detect both circulating alloantibodies to platelets (indirect assay) and platelet-association IgG and IgM (direct assay) using a flow cytometric technique. A variety of patients with immune thrombocytopenia were studied. Employment of a confocal lens in the flow cytometer increased the discrimination power of the instrument. Patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenia (idiopathic thrombocytic purpura [ITP], systemic Iupus erythematosus (SLE), lymphoma, leukemia, and drug-induced thrombocytopenia showed asignificant increase in plateletassociated antibody. Circulating antibodies to platelets (alloantibodies) were demonstrated in cases of platelet refractoriness and neonatal isoimmune purpura. Day-today precision of the assays ranged from 3% to 6% (coefficient of variation). No interference was shown in the presence of hemoglobin (5 glL), triglycerides (10 glL), or polyclonal and monoclonal immunoglobulinemia (50 glL: IgG, IgA, IgM). The sensitivity of the direct assay was 500 attograrns of IgG or IgM platelet.

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“…The specificity of increased PAIgG for the diagnosis of ITP is low, but many clinicians measure platelet-associated immunoglobulins to assist in the diagnosis of ITP [3-61. Three general types of assays can be used: (a) direct binding assays that measure the binding of labelled antiserum to the target platelets [7]; (b) two-stage assays that measure available antiserum following incubation of this reagent with the test platelets [ 11 ; and (c) assays that measure platelet-associated IgG following solubilization of the platelets [8,9]. These latter techniques are used with increasing frequency because of their simplicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the measurement of surface or total platelet‐associated IgG in the diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia

et al. 1985

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Platelet-associated IgG (PAIgG) can be measured on intact platelets or following platelet lysis. Measurement of PAIgG following platelet lysis may provide different or additional information compared to PAIgG measured on intact platelets. The PAIgG of lysed platelets represents "total" PAIgG, ie, IgG on the surface of platelets plus any IgG that was inside the platelet. To investigate the clinical relevance of the two types of PAIgG assay we performed a prospective study on washed platelets collected from 47 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The PAIgG was measured on intact and lysed platelets using an immunoradiometric assay. Platelet-associated IgG was 2-3 times higher when measured on lysed platelets from healthy controls or patients with ITP compared to PAIgG measured on the same intact platelets. The higher level of PAIgG observed following platelet lysis was not due to the reactions not achieving equilibrium. Using lysed platelets, PAIgG was elevated on 29 of 47 samples from different ITP patients and elevated in 31 samples when measured on intact platelets. The PAIgG is invariably higher when measured following platelet lysis compared measurements made on intact platelets. Neither technique offers a diagnostic advantage over the other.

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A rapid quantitation of platelet‐associated igg by nephelometry

Cited by 19 publications

References 6 publications

Platelet hyperactivation in multiple myeloma is also evident in patients with premalignant monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance

Platelet hyperactivation in multiple myeloma is also evident in patients with premalignant monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance

Flow cytometry analysis of platelet antibodies

Comparison of the measurement of surface or total platelet‐associated IgG in the diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia

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