A rapid test for avian influenza detects swine influenza virus

Nava, Gerardo M.; Palomino-Merino, R.; Jarquin, R.; Ledesma, Nestor; Sánchez‐Betancourt, José Ivan; Lucio-Decanini, Eduardo; Martínez, Emmanuel; Escorcia, Magdalena

doi:10.1136/vr.101527

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In the United States a licensed rapid on-farm test for IAV in swine d is now available. Published trials using rapid IAV detection kits in swine have been limited to date; however, one small study from Mexico found good agreement between virus isolation and a commercial rapid-immunomigration test (Nava et al , 2013). It is important to note that the kit is intended to assess swine herd IAV status where clinical signs of influenza are present, not individual animals without signs of disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Inability to Screen Exhibition Swine for Influenza A Virus Using Body Temperature

Bowman

Nolting

Workman

et al. 2015

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Summary Agricultural fairs create an unconventional animal-human interface that has been associated with swine-to-human transmission of influenza A virus (IAV) in recent years. Early detection of IAV-infected pigs at agricultural fairs would allow veterinarians to better protect swine and human health during these swine exhibitions. The present study assessed the use of swine body temperature measurement, recorded by infrared and rectal thermometers, as a practical method to detect IAV-infected swine at agricultural fairs. In our first objective, infrared thermometers were used to record the body surface temperature of 1,092 pigs at the time of IAV nasal swab collection at the end of the exhibition period of 55 agricultural fairs. IAV was recovered from 212 (19.4%) pigs and the difference in mean infrared body temperature measurement of IAV-positive and negative pigs was 0.83°C. In a second objective, snout wipes were collected from 1,948 pigs immediately prior to the unloading of the animals at a single large swine exhibition. Concurrent to the snout wipe collection, owners took the rectal temperatures of his/her pigs. In this case, 47 (2.4%) pigs tested positive for IAV before they entered the swine barn. The mean rectal temperatures differed by only 0.19°C between IAV-positive and negative pigs. The low prevalence of IAV among the pigs upon entry to the fair in the second objective provides evidence that limiting intra-species spread of IAV during the fairs will likely have significant impacts on the zoonotic transmission. However, in both objectives, the high degree of similarity in the body temperature measurements between the IAV-positive and negative pigs made it impossible to set a diagnostically meaningful cut point to differentiate IAV status of the individual animals. Unfortunately, body temperature measurement cannot be used to accurately screen exhibition swine for IAV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Inability to Screen Exhibition Swine for Influenza A Virus Using Body Temperature

Bowman

Nolting

Workman

et al. 2015

Zoonoses and Public Health

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“…Many commercial ELISA kits have been developed to detect antibody to influenza A nucleoprotein (NP) because it is highly conserved in influenza A viruses (Goodell et al 2016 ). Several studies have shown that an NP blocking ELISA kit for testing antibodies in birds can also be used to detect NP antibodies in pigs (Nava et al 2013 ; Goodell et al 2016 ). In general, HI tests are simpler to operate, cheaper and quicker than ELISAs; however choice of antigen is complex because of the diversity of SIV.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Swine Influenzamentioning

confidence: 99%

The epidemiology of swine influenza

Robertson

2021

Animal Diseases

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Globally swine influenza is one of the most important diseases of the pig industry, with various subtypes of swine influenza virus co-circulating in the field. Swine influenza can not only cause large economic losses for the pig industry but can also lead to epidemics or pandemics in the human population. We provide an overview of the pathogenic characteristics of the disease, diagnosis, risk factors for the occurrence on pig farms, impact on pigs and humans and methods to control it. This review is designed to promote understanding of the epidemiology of swine influenza which will benefit the control of the disease in both pigs and humans.

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Influenza Viruses

Reeth¹,

Vincent²

2019

Diseases of Swine

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A rapid test for avian influenza detects swine influenza virus

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

The Inability to Screen Exhibition Swine for Influenza A Virus Using Body Temperature

The Inability to Screen Exhibition Swine for Influenza A Virus Using Body Temperature

The epidemiology of swine influenza

Influenza Viruses

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