A rare case of bilateral sternocleidomastoid muscle variation

Nayak, Soubhagya R.; Sj, Madhan Kumar; Pai, Mángala M.; Prabhu, Latha V.; Jetti, Raghu

doi:10.1016/s1286-0115(06)74507-6

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A more recent observation, assumes that the cleidocervical muscle appears due to an atavistic effect through a migration mechanism of the most superficial and cranial cells towards the clavicle (Leon et al, 1995). There are a few reports in the literature of a bilateral additional third SCM head (Nayak et al, 2006), while publications commenting on bilateral multiple supernumerary SCM heads are very limited (Natsis et al, 2009;Ramesh et al, 2007). It seems that the origin of the SCM heads is similar between the reported cases but their termination shows a great variability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Bilateral Supernumerary Sternocleidomastoid Heads with Critical Narrowing of the Minor and Major Supraclavicular Fossae: Clinical and Surgical Implications

et al. 2012

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RAIKOS, A.; PARASKEVAS, G. K.; TRIARIDIS, S.; KORDALI, P.; PSILLAS, G. & BRAND-SABERI, B.Bilateral supernumerary sternocleidomastoid heads with critical narrowing of the minor and major supraclavicular fossae: clinical and surgical implications. Int. J. Morphol., 30(3):927-933, 2012. SUMMARY:Anatomical variations of the sternocleidomastoid muscle are rare and concern its origin, insertion, and the number of heads. We report on a rare bilateral variant of the sternocleidomastoid muscle with aberrant and supernumerary muscular heads, observed in a cadaveric subject. On the right side of the neck, a typical sternomastoid head of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, and three aberrant clavicular heads of variable thickness, origin, and termination were noticed. On the left side, two sternomastoid heads were present; the medial one was of typical pattern, while the lateral was supernumerary. The cleidomastoid portion of the left sternocleidomastoid muscle was fused with the double sternomastoid segment. A strap-like muscle originating from the middle third of the clavicle and inserting onto the transverse process of the C3 vertebra was noticed. This is known as the cleidocervical muscle. On the right side of the neck, the posterior cervical triangle was diminished, the minor supraclavicular fossa was considerably narrow, whereas on the left, it was diminished in addition to a bilateral shortening of the major supraclavicular fossa minimizing space needed for potential surgical access. These findings are of prominent significance for anesthetists in ultrasound guided needle positioning in brachial plexus block, as well as in subclavian or external jugular vein catheterization, and in surgical interventions involving structures lying under the sternocleidomastoid muscle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Bilateral Supernumerary Sternocleidomastoid Heads with Critical Narrowing of the Minor and Major Supraclavicular Fossae: Clinical and Surgical Implications

et al. 2012

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“…In humans, the presence of multiple layers such as sternocleidooccipital, cleidomastoid and sternomastoid (Coskun et al, 2002), a supernumerary cleido-occipital muscle, more or less separate from the sternocleidomastoid muscle (Mustafa, 2006) have been reported. The bilateral variation of additional head in the sternal origin (Nayak et al, 2006) and additional head in the clavicular origin of sternocleidomastoid have been reported (Ramesh et al, 2007; Cherian et al, 2008;Rani et al, 2011). The additional head observed in the present study was different from those reported by other authors as it was originated from the investing layer of deep cervical fascia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Unusual Third Head of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle from the Investing Layer of Cervical Fascia

et al. 2012

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SUMMARY:The abnormal origin, presence of additional head and layered arrangement of fibers are the reported variations of sternocleidomastoid muscle in the past. In the present case we report a rare unusual origin of third head of the sternocleidomastoid muscle in a 60 year-old male cadaver. This additional head originated from the investing layer of cervical fascia in the roof of the subclavian triangle close to the clavicle and traversed obliquely upward, forward and fused with clavicular head. The insertion and nerve supply of the muscle was found to be normal.

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“…In contrast, however, variations pertaining to insertion are uncommon. An additional sternal head of the SCM has previously been reported [4], while additional clavicular heads were recorded in a separate case [1]. The breadth of the clavicular head of the SCM has been reported previously as narrow or broad.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The SCM muscle displays numerous variations, especially in its point of origin [1, 4]. In contrast, however, variations pertaining to insertion are uncommon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bipartite clavicular attachment of the sternocleidomastoid muscle: a case report

et al. 2012

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Morphological variations of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle assume relevance during attempted surgical interventions in the cervical region. The present study reports bipartite clavicular attachment of the SCM in the neck of an adult male cadaver during performance of a routine anatomy demonstration. The anomaly was unilaterally observed on the left side of the neck. The clavicular head of the muscle exhibited two bellies, one medial and one lateral. While the medial belly was fused with the sternal head, the lateral belly appeared to blend with the medial. Cranially, the SCM attached to the mastoid process and superior nuchal line. We have attempted to elucidate the embryological basis of the above muscular variant. Additionally, we discuss its clinical relevance, highlighting the utility of the SCM in various reconstructive procedures. We assert that detailed anatomical knowledge of such SCM variants is of utility not only to the gross anatomist, but also for neck and orthopaedic surgeons and anaesthetists. Moreover, radiologists require familiarity with such aberrations to decipher magnetic resonance imaging scans of the cervical region.

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A rare case of bilateral sternocleidomastoid muscle variation

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Bilateral Supernumerary Sternocleidomastoid Heads with Critical Narrowing of the Minor and Major Supraclavicular Fossae: Clinical and Surgical Implications

Bilateral Supernumerary Sternocleidomastoid Heads with Critical Narrowing of the Minor and Major Supraclavicular Fossae: Clinical and Surgical Implications

Unusual Third Head of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle from the Investing Layer of Cervical Fascia

Bipartite clavicular attachment of the sternocleidomastoid muscle: a case report

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