A record of vapour pressure deficit preserved in wood and soil across biomes

Broz, Adrian; Retallack, Gregory J.; Maxwell, Toby M.; Silva, Lucas C. R.

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-80006-9

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Stable isotopic data thus suggest that carbonate growth timing in Myanmar varies from early winter to early spring and that this variation is partly controlled by the local rainfall amount, unlike what is found at sites at higher latitudes. More generally, carbonate δ 13 C and δ 18 O values are not positively correlated as would be expected of temperate and arid region soils, where the effects of soil evaporation and respiration are the main drivers in changing those values (Broz et al., 2021; Fischer‐Femal & Bowen, 2021). We hypothesize that overall higher soil wetness year‐round in central Myanmar minimizes this covariation in comparison to temperate carbonate‐rich soils, while making the bulk isotopic composition and TΔ 47 values particularly sensitive to the seasonal rainfall distribution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Dynamics of Pedogenic Carbonate Growth in the Tropical Domain of Myanmar

Licht

Kelson

Bergel

et al. 2022

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Pedogenic carbonate is widespread at mid latitudes where warm and dry conditions favor soil carbonate growth from spring to fall. The mechanisms and timing of pedogenic carbonate formation are more ambiguous in the tropical domain, where long periods of soil water saturation and high soil respiration enhance calcite dissolution. This paper provides stable carbon, oxygen and clumped isotope values from Quaternary and Miocene pedogenic carbonates in the tropical domain of Myanmar, in areas characterized by warm (>18°C) winters and annual rainfall up to 1,700 mm. We show that carbonate growth in Myanmar is delayed to the driest and coldest months of the year by sustained monsoonal rainfall from mid spring to late fall. The range of isotopic variability in Quaternary pedogenic carbonates can be solely explained by temporal changes of carbonate growth within the dry season, from winter to early spring. We propose that high soil moisture year‐round in the tropical domain narrows carbonate growth to the driest months and makes it particularly sensitive to the seasonal distribution of rainfall. This sensitivity is also enabled by high winter temperatures, allowing carbonate growth to occur outside the warmest months of the year. This high sensitivity is expected to be more prominent in the geological record during times with higher temperatures and greater expansion of the tropical realm. Clumped isotope temperatures, δ13C and δ18O values of tropical pedogenic carbonates are impacted by changes of both rainfall seasonality and surface temperatures; this sensitivity can potentially be used to track past tropical rainfall distribution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Dynamics of Pedogenic Carbonate Growth in the Tropical Domain of Myanmar

Licht

Kelson

Bergel

et al. 2022

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…Raising temper-atures increased the vapor pressure deficit (VPD), as a 3 • C increase raised the VPD by 45%, which affects water use by plants, exacerbating drought effects [42]. The VPD reflects the potential for the atmosphere to extract water from terrestrial ecosystems [43], and has been established as a major contributor in drought-induced plant mortality [44]. Elevated temperatures may also exacerbate carbon starvation and hydraulic failure [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Climate Change on Forest Regeneration in Central Spain

Enríquez‐de‐Salamanca

2022

Atmosphere

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The Mediterranean climate has dry and hot summers, which is harsh for plants, especially seedlings. During the 1950s and 1960s, most reforestations carried out in Central Spain, a Mediterranean climate area, were successful, but in recent decades an increasing difficulty in forest regeneration has been observed, often attributed to increased summer drought. This study analyses changes in climatic parameters related to forest regeneration through statistical treatment of meteorological data series from the mid-twentieth century to the present. Simple and multiple regressions and ANOVAs were performed for five parameters, considering annual, summer and extended summer values. Rainfall reduction and prolongation of the summer drought period were not statistically significant. The change that better explains regeneration problems is the increase in temperature, especially in July and August, which was mostly significant between 2002 and 2021. Raising temperatures increase the vapor pressure deficit, exacerbating drought effects and plant mortality. Climate change scenarios point to an increase in temperatures until 2100; thus, the tipping point for natural regeneration of some species could be passed. The most affected species are those at their ecological limit. It is necessary to facilitate the adaptation of these forests to climate change, since their future will depend on the actions carried out today.

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“…4I). VPD reflects the rate of transpiration of the plant (Broz et al 2021). Higher VPD indicated a higher capacity of the atmosphere to absorb water from the environment.…”

Section: Microclimate Profile Inside Trunk's Axilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic of the material deposits, microclimate profile, epiphyte abundance, and bacteria populations in the above-ground ecosystem of oil palm

Pradiko¹,

FARRASATI²,

RAHUTOMO³

et al. 2022

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Pradiko I, Farrasati R, Rahutomo S, Sapalina F, Pane RDP, Hidayat F, Ginting EN. 2022. The physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of microhabitats inside oil palm trunk axils in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3793-3807. Above-ground ecosystems (AGE) components in oil palm plantations consist of epiphytic plants and fauna in microhabitat within the axil of pruned fronds. This research aimed to identify the characteristics of microhabitat, including microclimate profile, physical and chemical properties of the material deposit, epiphyte abundance, and microbe population. The study sites were located in the eastern and western regions of North Sumatra. Furthermore, vertical observations were taken on oil palm trunks at the height of 20, 100, 150, 200, and 300 cm. The study indicated that the microclimate, nutrients content, physical properties of the material deposit, and bacterial populations in the trunk axils of oil palm in the eastern differed from the western region. There was no obvious pattern in the microclimate profile for individual oil palms. However, there was a change in N, C-organic, and C/N ratios with the increasing height of microhabitat sites. In terms of abundance, Nephrolepis bisserata and Vittaria ensiformis epiphytes were more dominant in the upper and bottom trunk, respectively. The microhabitat at the bottom trunk had a denser bacterial population, negatively correlated with N, C-organic, C/N ratio, Mg, and pH.

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A record of vapour pressure deficit preserved in wood and soil across biomes

Cited by 21 publications

References 70 publications

Dynamics of Pedogenic Carbonate Growth in the Tropical Domain of Myanmar

Dynamics of Pedogenic Carbonate Growth in the Tropical Domain of Myanmar

Effects of Climate Change on Forest Regeneration in Central Spain

Characteristic of the material deposits, microclimate profile, epiphyte abundance, and bacteria populations in the above-ground ecosystem of oil palm

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